1961-2018年全球青豌豆生产时空变化及发展趋势

我国是全球最重要的青豌豆生产国和出口国,然而全球尺度的主要生产国青豌豆种植面积和产量的历史变化规律和发展趋势并不清楚,制约了我国青豌豆生产的可持续发展。基于1961-2018年全球青豌豆逐年的收获面积、总产量和单产等数据,利用一元线性回归模型以及优势指数等分析了1961-2018年全球青豌豆生产的时空变化特征。结果表明,全球青豌豆生产在1990年前后出现明显的时空变化规律,1961-1990年全球青豌豆生产集中在欧洲,其收获面积和总产量分别占全球的42.5%和41.5%。1990年之后,全球青豌豆生产重心逐步转移到亚洲,其收获面积和总产量分别占全球的71.1%和77.9%。与美国、英国和印度等主产国相比,我国在1990年之前优势指数较弱,但1990年后生产规模优势显著高于其他主产国,效率优势指数逐步缩小。尽管近年来我国青豌豆种植面积的增加带动全球青豌豆生产重心逐渐向亚洲转移,但相较于其他主产国,我国的生产效率并未呈现显著优势。因此,优化和调整我国的青豌豆种植布局,提高单产水平,对提升我国青豌豆的国际竞争力和可持续发展具有重要意义。

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Development Tendency of Global Green Pea Production from 1961 to 2018

China is the world's top producer and exporter of green peas. However, the spatio-temporal dynamics of green pea crop area and yield in major countries on a global scale are not clear, which limits the sustainable development of green pea production in China. Here we analyzed the spatio-temporal dynamics of global green pea production from 1961 to 2018 using the linear regression model and the dominance index. We found that before 1990, world production of green peas was concentrated in Europe, whose harvesting area and total yield accounted for 42.5% and 41.5% of the world, respectively. Global green pea production shifted to Asia after 1990, and the harvesting area and total yield accounted for 71.1% and 77.9% of the world, respectively. Compared with the United States, Britain, India and other major green pea producing countries, advantage indexes before 1990 were weak. However, production scale index of China had a significant advantage over other major producing countries and an efficiency advantage of the index gradually declined after 1990. Although the increase of green pea harvesting area of China recent years has driven the shift of global green pea production to Asia. Compared with other major producing countries, Chinese production efficiency did not show significant advantages. Therefore, optimizing and adjusting planting distribution and improving yield are of great importance for increasing international competitiveness and sustainable development of green pea production of China.