牛奶中不同酪蛋白遗传变异体及其分型鉴定研究

牛奶中存在不同种类的蛋白质,且不同基因型遗传变异体牛奶蛋白质的构型和功效存在差异。酪蛋白分型鉴定方法有基因鉴定、毛细管电泳分离鉴定、高效液相色谱分离鉴定等。本文对比介绍了不同构型κ-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白的分型鉴定方法,重点验证了高效液相色分离谱鉴定方法的精密度、回收率,同时将该方法应用于生乳和乳制品酪蛋白分型检测鉴定,区分不同牧场牛群的遗传变异体类型和比例。通过该方法可指导牧场快速分群饲养奶牛,生产不同酪蛋白类型的生乳,并加工不同类型的高品质乳制品。

Genetic Variants of Casein in Milk and Their Identification

There are different kinds of proteins in milk,and the configuration and efficacy of milk proteins of different genetic variants are different. Casein typing identification methods include gene identification,capillary electrophoresis identification,high performance liquid chromatography identification,etc. In this paper,the typing and identification methods of K-casein and β-casein with different configurations were compared,and the precision and recovery rate of the HPLC chromatographic identification method were mainly verified. Meanwhile,the method was applied to the typing and identification of raw milk and dairy casein to distinguish the types and proportions of genetic variants in cattle in different pastures. This method can guide the pasture to breed dairy cows quickly,produce raw milk with different casein types,and process different types of high quality dairy products.