不同籽粒颜色玉米自交系类胡萝卜素含量分析

采用高效液相色谱检测60个不同玉米籽粒颜色自交系中类胡萝卜素（叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄质和β-胡萝卜素）含量,结果显示,叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄质和β-胡萝卜素的平均含量分别为56.32、0.85、1.31和5.75mg/kg。按籽粒颜色由浅到深,将60个玉米自交系分为4个等级,颜色越深的品种类胡萝卜素含量越高。对R、G、B、Gray值与类胡萝卜素含量进行相关分析表明,R、G、B和Gray值之间存在极显著正相关（P<0.01）,相关系数分别为0.992（G与Gray）和0.939（R与Gray）,4种类胡萝卜素含量间呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.830（β-隐黄质与β-胡萝卜素）和0.815（β-隐黄质与玉米黄质）。根据类胡萝卜素含量对60个玉米自交系进行聚类分析,60个自交系分为5类,其中第1类类胡萝卜素含量最低,第2类属于中富含类胡萝卜素的自交系,第5类属于高维生素A含量的自交系。综上可知,类胡萝卜素的种类及其含量是影响籽粒颜色的重要因素,可为培育高胡萝卜素含量的玉米品种提供依据。

Analysis of Carotenoid Content in Maize Inbred Lines with Different Color Grains

The contents of four carotenoids including lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene in grains of 60 maize inbred lines were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the average contents of lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene were 56.32, 0.85, 1.31 and 5.75mg/kg, respectively. The 60 maize inbred lines could be classified into four grades according to the grain color from light to dark. The darker the grain color, the higher the carotene content. The correlation analysis of carotenoid contents in 60 maize inbred lines showed that there were extremely significant positive correlations between R, G, B and Gray values (P < 0.01), and the correlation coefficients were 0.992 (between G and Gray) and 0.939 (between R and Gray), respectively. There were extremely significant positive correlations among the contents of four carotenoids, and the correlation coefficients were 0.830 (between β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene), 0.815 (between β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin) respectively. Cluster analysis was performed according to carotenoid content and the 60 maize inbred lines were divided into five categories. Among them, the first category had the lowest carotenoid content, the second category riched in carotenoids, and the fifth category riched in vitamin A. It was concluded that the types and contents of carotenoids were important factors affecting the color of maize grains, and the conclusion provided a basis for selecting maize with high nutritional value and rich in cryptoxanthin.