规模奶牛场O型口蹄疫疫苗抗体消长规律研究

[目的]通过免疫抗体监测,掌握其在奶牛体内消长规律;建立适合本区奶牛口蹄疫疫苗常规免疫程序,提高有效免疫保护;探索延平区内两个常用口蹄疫疫苗的抗体产生时间和免疫抗体持续时间,为有效科学免疫,预防口蹄疫疫情提供科学依据。[方法]血样采集使用一次性真空采血管,抗体检测采用液相阻断ELISA检测方法,抗体效价判定依据畜牧兽医主管部门动物疫病监测方案。[试验对象]选择福建省南平市延平区两个分别常年免疫政府采购疫苗（中牧实业）、自行采购疫苗（内蒙金宇）的A、B规模化牛场,各选取一定数量的初生犊牛（犊牛20 头及对应母牛20 头）。[结果]A场母牛产后、犊牛出生当天O型抗体合格率达100%,第四周达到峰值后开始下降,至12周抗体合格率降至50%,确定首免时间为犊牛出生后12 周,首免后第6周抗体合格率降至55%,确定二免时间为首免后第6周;B场母牛产后、犊牛出生当天O型抗体合格率达95%,第四周达到峰值后开始下降,至9周抗体合格率降至55%,确定首免时间为犊牛出生后9 周,首免后第3周抗体合格率降至28%,确定二免时间为首免后第3周。[结论]根据监测试验结果,A场的免疫程序设计为犊牛出生后12 周开始首免,首免后第6周开始2 免,以后每4 个月免疫1 次;B场的免疫程序设计为犊牛出生后9 周开始首免,首免后第3 周开始2 免,以后每4 个月免疫1 次。

Observation on the Growth and Decline of Antibody to Type O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine in Two Large-scale Dairy Farms

[Objective] To understand the growth and decline of dairy cows through immune antibody monitoring. To establish the routine immune procedure for FMD vaccine of dairy cattle in Yanping district,to improve the effective immune protection,to explore the time of producing antibody and the lasting time of immune antibody of two FMD vaccines in Yanping District,to provide scientific basis for prevention of foot-and-mouth disease. [Methods ]A one-off Vacutainer was used for blood sample collection,and liquid-phase blocking Elisa was used for antibody detection. Antibody titers were determined according to the Animal Disease Surveillance Program of the animal husbandry and veterinary authorities. [Subjects] Two large-scale cattle farms in Yanping District, Nanping City, Fujian Province, were selected to purchase vaccines from the government （Zhongmu Industry） and to purchase vaccines from themselves （Jinyu, Inner Mongolia）,each selected a certain number of newborn calves （20 calves and 20 corresponding female）. [Results] The qualified rate of type O antibody was 100% on the day of birth of cow and calf in farm A. After reaching the peak at the fourth week, the qualified rate of type O antibody decreased to 50% at the 12th week. The first immunization time was 12 weeks after birth of calf,the qualified rate of antibody decreased to 55% at the 6th week after the first immunization,and the second immunization was confirmed to be the 6th week after the first immunization,the qualified rate of antibody decreased to 55% in 9 weeks,the first immunization time was 9 weeks after birth,the qualified rate of antibody decreased to 28% in 3 weeks after the first immunization,and the second immunization time was 3 weeks after the first immunization. [Conclusion] According to the results of monitoring test,the immunization program of field a was designed as the first immunization at 12 weeks after birth,the second immunization at 6 weeks after birth,and the third immunization every 4 months the immunization program of field B was designed as first immunization at 9 weeks after birth,second immunization at 3 weeks after birth,and then every 4 months.