我国牧草种质资源发展策略

过去20年里,我国牧草种质资源研究取得了巨大成就,在“广泛搜集、有效保护、深入研究、积极创新、永续利用”的思想指导下,现已搜集到15000余份牧草种质;建立了一个中期库;完成鉴定材料4500余份;通过品种审定登记了336个牧草品种,其中134个为育成品种。随着现代生物科学理论、方法和技术在牧草资源研究中的应用,我国在牧草种质资源研究工作从研究利用阶段步入迅速发展阶段。今后研究策略的发展方向是：（1）利用遗传多样性取样策略进行牧草种质资源的采集;（2）构建牧草核心种质,以保存最少的种质份数最大程度代表整个遗传资源的多样性;（3）分子标记技术在种质遗传多样性研究、评价鉴定以及种质创新中的应用;（4）信息网络技术在种质资源信息共享中的应用。

Development Strategies of Forage Germplasm Resources in China

In the last 20 years,forage germplasm resources research has made obvious achievements in China.Guided by the principles of "collect extensively,conserve effectively,research deep,innovate actively,utilize continually ",more than 15000 accessions has been collected,one medium-term seed genebank was established,more than 4500 accessions were evaluated,and 300 new forage cultivars were registered,in which 127 were breeding varieties.As the application of biological theories and technologies in the forage germplasm resources research,the forage germplasm resources research work is entering the development period from the research and utilization period.On the base of the research status,the future research strategies were proposed as follows:(1)Sampling strategy of genetic diversity in the collection work.(2)Core collection in germplasm reservation,to establish a minimum of accessions represent a maximum of the genetic diversity contained in the whole collection.(3)The utilization of molecular marker method.(4)The application of internet technology in germplasm information share.