中国小麦条锈菌当前主要流行小种毒性分析

为了给小麦抗病基因的合理布局和开展预见性抗病育种提供参考依据,采用已知抗条锈病基因的单基因系,在苗期和成株期分别接种我国当前条锈菌主要流行小种CYR32、CYR33和V26,同时结合甘肃天水田间的抗病鉴定,最终明确了这3个流行小种在单基因系上的毒性谱。结果发现这三个小种的毒性谱都很宽并且相互交叉,结合起来使得国际上目前创制的单基因系材料只有Yr5和Yr15在所有鉴定中都呈现高抗反应,YrExp2和YrTr1在成株期具有使用价值,这些抗病基因应在今后的抗条锈病育种中加大应用。

Characterization on Virulence of Main Prevalent Pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China

Accurately analyzing the virulence characteristics of the main prevalent pathotypes and evaluating which genes still effective to these pathotypes,are the prerequisite for reasonable deployment of stripe rust resistant genes and performing predictive resistance breeding. Lines with single resistant gene were inoculated with the main prevalent pathotypes CYR32,CYR33 and V26 at both seedling and adult stages,respectively,coupled with the field tests under natural infection in Tianshui city,Gansu province for three years,to reveal the virulence spectrum of these three main prevalent pathotypes to these lines. The results indicated that the virulence spectrum of all these three pathotypes were wide and overlapped partly. Under the combined virulence of these three pathotypes,of all lines with single resistant gene,only Yr5 and Yr15 expressed highly resistant by all the tests,and YrExp2 and YrTr1 were effective at the adult stage. Therefore,these effective genes should be utilized reasonably in resistance breeding.