以地理来源分组和利用表型数据构建中国小豆核心种质

中国国家种质库里保存着4 877份小豆(Vigna angularis)种质资源,但仅有部分资源在小豆的改良中被利用。构建小豆核心种质, 不但能简化管理, 而且可以提高遗传资源在小豆改良中的利用效率。根据我国小豆的地理来源进行分组, 在分组的基础上利用表型数据, 以类平均法聚类构建了中国现有小豆核心种质, 共435份资源, 占资源总量的8.92%, 涵盖98.3%的表型变异类型, 控制不同性状表型相关的相互适应的遗传复杂性在核心种质中也得到了适当的保持。不同性状的均值t测验、方差F测验、表型频率分布、χ²测验等分析表明, 所构建的小豆核心种质可以作为整体资源的代表性样本, 在小豆种质资源的充分利用中将发挥重要作用。

Establishment of an Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Core Collection Based on Geographical Distribution and Phenotypic Data in China

A total of 4 877 accessions of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) are conserved in National Germplasm Conservation Center in China, but only a few of which have been used in adzuki bean improvement programme. Establishing a core collection of adzuki bean can simplify management and enhance utilization of genetic resources in adzuki bean research programmes. In this paper, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) was used to establish an adzuki bean core collection based on geographical distribution and phenotypic data. Finally, 8.92% of adzuki bean accessions were selected from entire collection as a core collection of 435 accessions sharing 98.3% phenotypes with the entire collection. The phenotypic correlations among different traits that may be under the control of co-adapted gene complexes were also preserved in the core collection. By different statistical methods such as comparison of mean using t-test, variance using F-test, phenotypic frequency distributions using χ²-test for the different traits, the core collection was validated to be a representative sample of the entire collection. This core collection will play an important role in the utilization of adzuki bean genetic resources.