适制六堡茶茶树品种部分遗传标记特征及其在六堡茶选育种中的作用

为加快选育适制六堡茶优良茶树品种的速度，笔者从六堡茶品质特点及其形成机理着手，探索、分析、研究广西历史上制作六堡茶茶树品种与六堡茶品质相关性较大的遗传标记情况。研究结果表明，这些茶树品种鲜叶中茶多酚含量为28.77%~34.94%、氨基酸含量为2.83%~3.83%、水浸出物含量为42.65%~46.83%，叶片厚224.6~404.7μm，叶片海绵组织厚130.7~201.0μm；茶树外部形态多为小乔木型大叶种或灌木型中叶种。由此可见，适制六堡茶的茶树品种要求茶多酚、氨基酸、水浸出物等含量较高，叶片厚度及海绵组织厚度较大，一般以小乔木型大叶种为好。该结果为尝试用遗传标记指标参数来进一步选择适制六堡茶优良品种的方法提供参考依据，从而加快选育种的速度。

Research on the Genetic Marks of Tea Plants that Suitable to Make Liubao Tea and Their Roles in the Breeding of Liubao Tea

In order to speed up breeding process of the high quality Liubao tea plants, beginning with the study on the features of the Liubao tea and how these features were formed, the author explored and analyzed the tea plants that were used to make Liubao tea in Guangxi Province’s history and their genetic marks that would significantly influence the quality of the LiuBao tea. The research results showed that, the leaf of these tea plants contained 28.77%-34.94% tea polyphenol, 2.83%-3.83% amino acids, 42.65%-46.83% water extractions. The thickness of the leaf was 224.6-404.7 μm, and the thickness of the spongy tissue was 130.7-201.0 μm. The tea plants were mainly small trees with big leaves, or shrubs with middle size leaves. Therefore, the tea plants that suitable to make Liubao tea should be preferably the small trees with big and thick leaves and thick spongy tissue, containing high amounts of tea polyphenol, amino acids and water extractions. This research results provided references for the further selection of tea plants that suitable to make Liubao tea according to the genetic marks, so that the breeding process could be speeded up.