肉牛最佳三元杂交组合筛选试验

本试验用世界著名肉牛品种皮埃蒙特牛、夏洛来牛、利木辛牛和德国黄牛为父本，以适应性较强的西门塔尔牛和当地固有品种蒙古牛的杂交优秀个体母牛为母本，分别采用了“皮×西×蒙、夏×西×蒙、利×西×蒙和德×西×蒙”等三元杂交组合，并对各种杂交组合所产生的杂种牛（简称“肉杂牛”）的肉用性能进行了统计分析，结果“皮×西×蒙”杂交组合产生的肉杂牛肥育期日增重比夏×西×蒙、利×西×蒙和德×西×蒙组合分别高出0．13kg、0．17kg、和0．24kg；净肉率分别高出1．1％、0．47％和1．27％；屠宰率分别高出1．30％、0．09％和1．39％；骨肉比分别高出0．15、0．08和0．17。结果显示皮西蒙杂交组合的日增重高于其他三种组合，差异显著；而净肉率、屠宰率、肉骨比等指标也较高，但差异不显著。说明皮×西×蒙杂交组合后代增重速度快，饲养周期短，肉用指标好，可在武威市乃至周边地区推广。

Screening Test of Best Three-way Crossbreeding Combination

An three way crossbreeding study was conducted with the world-famous Piedmontese bovine, Charolais bovine, Limousin bovine and German Yellow bovine were considered as male parents, and the most adaptative Simmental bovine and Mongolian bovine were selected as female parents, the combination including Pi × Si × Meng, ×ia × Si × Meng, Li× Si × Meng and De × Si × Meng, respectively. The meat performance was measured. The results demonstrated that daily weight gain, neat meat percentage, slaughter rate, bone and meat ratio of Pi× Si× Meng was higher than×ia X Si×Meng, Li X Si× Meng and De ×Si× Meng for 0.13 kg,0.17 kg and 0.24 kg（P〈0.05）, 1.1%, 0.47% and 1.27%（P〉0.05）,1.30%,0. 09% and 1.39% （P〉0.05） ,0.15,0.08 and 0.17（P〉0. 05）, respectively during fattening period. Therefore, Pi× Si× Meng bovine grows faster than other combinations, meanwhile, PiX SiX Meng bovine has short breeding cycle and good meat inde- xes, which can extend around Wuwei City.