小麦新品种陕农28的选育与花培育种技术的改良

总结了选育陕农 2 8小麦新品种的经验教训 ,并通过陕农 2 8的选育及选育基因的理论分析对小麦花培育种的几个问题作了探讨。认为在目前小麦花药培养绿苗诱导率的基础上 ,单纯通过 F1 代花药培养改良小麦品种难度较大 ,育种效率非常低 ;将花药培养与常规系谱法结合运用 ,取常规系谱法 F3代优系花药培养 ,可以取长补短 ,提高花培目标基因型出现的几率 ,育种效率较高 ,这种方法虽然比 F1 代取材延长了时间 ,但选择几率加大 ,又比常规育种缩短了年限 ,仍然具有花药培养缩短育种年限的意义

Discussion on the improvement of haploid breeding from selecting new varieties of Shaannong 28

By means of breeding in the field and the analysis of gene frequency in different generations,the experience of selecting new variety of Shaannong28 was summarized and several problems of wheat anther culture breeding were discussed.The result showed that the breeding efficiency was very low and the improvement of wheat varieties by selecting F 1 generation anthers was very difficult on the basis of the present green plantlet frequency.Combining the anther breeding with the routine breeding and cultivating F 3 generation anthers,we could increase the frequency of aim genes and the breeding efficiency.Although this prolonged the generations of anther culture,it increased the selection frequency and reduced the fixed number of breeding years.The way was of tremendous significance for cutting down the fixed number of years in the anther culture breeding.