原鸡海南亚种的巢址选择

为了揭示影响原鸡海南亚种（Gallus gallus jabouillei）巢址选择的主要因素，在2020年和2021年2个繁殖期内，对海南大田国家级自然保护区内的原鸡海南亚种的巢进行搜寻并记录GPS点位。繁殖结束后，利用样方法对其巢址特征进行记录分析。共发现12巢原鸡巢，其中，有4巢孵化成功，8巢雌鸟弃巢，繁殖成功率为33.3%；对原鸡巢设置10 m×10 m的大样方与巢中心1 m×1 m的小样方进行测量记录，并设置对照样方进行分析比较。用Mann-Whitney U检验分析样方参数和对照样方参数，结果显示，灌木盖度平均值、灌木盖度2（>3~6 m）、裸地比例、落叶层厚度和离道路距离5个参数存在显著差异；主成分分析表明，灌木盖度平均值最大，其次为裸地比例；说明原鸡海南亚种巢址选择具有特异性和非随机性，其更倾向于在道路附近开阔位置、枝叶比较密集的草本或灌木下营巢。其中，巢隐蔽度是影响原鸡巢址选择的主要因素，人为干扰与边缘效应也影响原鸡的巢址选择。

Nest-site selection by red junglefowl (Gallus gallus jabouillei)

The nests of Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus jabouillei) in Datian National Nature Reserve of Hainan were searched and their GPS points were recorded during the breeding seasons in 2020 and 2021 to reveal the main factors affecting the selection of nest sites by the red jungle fowl. After reproduction, a survey of the nest sites was made by using the quadrat method, and the nest site characteristics were recorded and analyzed. A total of 12 nests of the red junglefowl were found in this survey, among which 4 nests successfully hatched, and 8 nests were abandoned by female birds, with the reproductive success rate of 33.3 %. Large quadrats of 10 m × 10 m for the nests and small quadrats of 1 m × 1 m for the nest centers were conducted for measurement and recording, and a control quadrat was also conducted for analysis and comparison. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the parameters of quadrat samples and the control sample. The results showed that there were significant differences in mean shrub coverage, shrub coverage 2 (>3?6 m), bare land ratio, deciduous layer thickness and distance from the road. Principal component analysis showed that theaverage value of shrubcoverage was the largest, followed by the proportion of bare land.All these indicated that the selection of nest sites by the red jungle fowl was specific and non-random, and that the red jungle fowl were more inclined to nest under grass or shrubs with relatively dense branches and leaves in a broad area near the road. Nest concealment is the main factor affecting the selection of nest sites by the red jungle fowl, and the human disturbance and edge effect also affect the selection of nest sites by the red jungle fowl.