蔬菜残株堆肥还田对生姜产量及根区土壤环境的影响

为探明蔬菜残株还田对生姜栽培和根区土壤环境的改良效果，以常规施肥(CK)为对照，研究比较了生姜残株堆肥(T1)和番茄残株堆肥(T2)对生姜产量及根区土壤养分含量、理化性质、生物学性状的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，根区施用蔬菜残株堆肥可以提高土壤酶活性、增加养分含量、改善土壤理化性质，进而促进生姜的生长，提高产量。其中T2处理的促进效果更显著，处理可使生姜根区土壤有机质、水解性氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别提高17.35%、19.75%、21.66%、19.54%和37.20%，土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶活性分别提高55.89%、57.21%和35.60%；生姜的株高、分枝数、根系活力和叶片色素含量也显著提升，并增产30.53%。因此，施用蔬菜残株堆肥有利于改善生姜根区土壤环境，从而促进生姜生长，提高产量，维持生姜根际土壤的健康。

Effects of Vegetable Residue Compost on Ginger Yield and Soil Environment in Root Zone

To investigate the effects of different vegetable residue compost on the improvement of ginger root zone soil, the influence of conventional fertilization (CK), ginger residue compost (T1) and tomato residue compost (T2) on soil nutrient content, physical and chemical properties, and biological properties and the yield of ginger were studied. The results showed that compared with CK, the application of vegetable residue compost, especially T2, could significantly improve soil enzyme activity, increase soil nutrient content and enhance soil physical and chemical properties, and then promote the growth and increase the yield of ginger. T2 increased the content of soil organic matter, hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in ginger root zone by 17.35%, 19.75%, 21.66%, 19.54% and 37.20%, respectively. Meanwhile, T2 also increased the activity of soil urease, sucrase and neutral phosphatase by 55.89%, 57.21% and 35.60%, respectively. The plant height, branch number, root activity and leaf pigment content of ginger under T2 increased significantly, which raised the yield by 30.53%. In conclusion, the application of vegetable residue compost is beneficial to improving the soil environment of ginger root zone, thus increasing the ginger yield and maintaining the health of ginger rhizosphere soil.