明清时期北盘江流域水旱灾害的时空分布特征探析

基于长时段视角,根据史料记载并结合GIS技术,对明清时期北盘江流域水旱灾害的时空分布特征进行分析。结果显示:明清时期北盘江流域水旱灾害频发,并且明代发生次数及频率均小于清代;水旱灾害季节分布明显,分别集中在夏、秋季与春、夏季;水旱灾害的发生具有阶段性,但间歇时间总体呈波浪式缩短趋势;水旱灾害并发与交替发生情况明显;水旱灾害空间分布特征显著,主要分布在贵州普定县、镇宁州、永宁州、安南县、普安县、盘州厅一线,及北盘江流域云南境内部分。研究旨在深化对北盘江流域水旱灾害的时空分布及规律的认知,也为相关部门开展防灾、减灾工作提供参考。

The Study of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Floods and Droughts in Beipan River Basin in Ming and Qing Dynasties

From a long-term perspective, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution of floods and droughts in the Beipan River basin during the Ming and Qing dynasties according to historical records and GIS technology. The results show that: first, floods and droughts occurred frequently during the two dynasties, and the frequency in the Ming dynasty were relatively less than that in the Qing dynasty; Secondly, the seasonal distribution of floods and droughts is obvious, which are concentrated in summer and autumn and spring and summer respectively. Thirdly, the occurrence of floods and droughts has periodicity, while the intermittent time generally shows a wave-like shortening trend. Fourth, there exists concurrent and alternate occurrence of floods and droughts; Fifth, the spatial distribution of floods and droughts is obvious, which is mainly distributed in Puding County, Zhenning prefecture, Yongning prefecture, Annan County, Pu''an County, along the Panzhou line in Guizhou, and the part of Beipan River basin in Yunnan. The study is aimed at deepening the understanding of the regularity in the temporal and spatial distribution of floods and droughts in Beipan River basin, and thus providing reference for relevant departments to carry out the work of disaster prevention and mitigation.