世界退化草地恢复研究和实践进展

草地是地球上最重要的陆地生态系统之一，给人类带来诸如食物生产、调节气候、净化空气、涵养水源、防风、固沙等一系列的生态系统服务。受气候变化和人为因素的影响，全球接近一半的草地出现不同程度的退化，成为世界性生态环境问题之一。世界各地开展了大量的有关退化草地恢复的研究和实践工作，并且取得了巨大的进步。然而，在联合国生态系统恢复10年（2021-2030）启动之际，需要新一代的恢复研究和实践项目来应对全球的环境挑战。本研究对世界各地有关退化草地恢复研究和实践进行了总结，希望从已有的草地恢复工作中学习经验，在此基础上，找出未来退化草地恢复研究的主要方向，制定合理的退化草地恢复计划，进而为全球变化背景下的新的草地恢复研究和实践提供参考依据。

Progress in research and practice of restoration of degraded grassland around the world

Grassland is one of the most important terrestrial ecosystems on earth， and brings humankind a series of ecosystem services， including food production， climate regulation， air purification， water conservation， wind prevention and sand fixation. Nearly half of the grasslands in the world are affected by climate change and human factors， and thus display different degrees of degradation. This degradation has become one of the world’s ecological and environmental problems. Much research on restoration of degraded grasslands has been carried out around the world with findings often leading to change in practice， and great progress has been made. However， at the beginning of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration （2021-2030）， a new generation of restoration research and practice projects is needed to cope with global environmental challenges. This paper summarizes the research and practice of degraded grassland restoration around the world， in the hope of learning from the existing grassland restoration work. On this basis， it is anticipated that we can map out the main direction of future research on degraded grassland restoration， and formulate reasonable restoration plans for degraded grassland， so as to provide reference information for new grassland restoration research and practice in the context of global change.