贮藏时间和贮藏温度对油菜薹营养品质的影响

为明确不同冷藏时间和不同低温处理对油菜薹营养品质的影响，以2个油蔬两用型油菜品种浙油51和浙油杂108为材料，以新鲜菜薹为对照，设置3个贮藏时间(4℃条件下贮藏1、2、3 d)和3种贮藏温度(-20、-40、-80℃贮藏10 d)，分析贮藏期间油菜薹糖类、维生素、纤维素和木质素等含量的变化。结果表明，4℃条件下，随着贮藏时间的延长，两品种中的维生素C和维生素B₁含量均呈现先上升后下降的趋势，维生素B₆、果糖、蔗糖和纤维素含量则逐渐升高；维生素E含量在浙油杂108中呈上升趋势，而在浙油51中呈先上升后下降的趋势；淀粉含量在两品种中变化趋势相同，均为逐步降低。油菜薹石蜡切片结果显示，浙油51中纤维素面积和浙油杂108中木质化面积随贮藏时间的延长而增加。不同贮藏温度下，除纤维素外各营养成分含量均在新鲜状态下最高，纤维素含量则在-20℃下达到最大；两品种的果糖、蔗糖和纤维素含量在-80℃下可达新鲜水平，而浙油51中维生素B₁和维生素E含量则在-40℃下保存更好。综上所述，油菜薹在4℃下贮藏，货架期以2 d为宜；低温下，-40和-...

Effects of Storage Time and Temperature on Nutrition Quality of Rapeseed Stem

To clarify the effects of storage time and low storage temperature on the nutrition quality of rapeseed stem， two oil-vegetable rapeseed cultivars Zheyou 51 and Zheyouza 108 were used as materials. 3 storage times （stored at 4 ℃ for 1， 2， 3 d） and 3 storage temperatures （stored at -20， -40， -80 ℃ for 10 d） were set， and the contents of sugars， vitamins， cellulose and lignin during storage were analyzed. The results showed that vitamin C and vitamin B₁ showed a rising trend first and then falling in two varieties， while vitamin B₆， fructose， sucrose and cellulose showed an upward trend with the extension of storage time under 4 ℃. Vitamin E were raised in Zheyouza 108， while it increased first and then decreased in Zheyou 51. The starch content gradually decreased in two varieties. Paraffin section staining results showed that the cellulose area in Zheyou 51 and lignification area in Zheyouza 108 were increased with the extension of storage time. Under different storage temperatures， the content of all the nutrition except cellulose were the highest in fresh sample， while cellulose contents reached the highest in -20 ℃. Fructose， sucrose and cellulose contents can match the fresh level at -80 ℃ in two varieties， while the content of vitamin B₁ and E were better under -40 ℃ in Zheyou 51. In conclusion， the appropriate shelf life of rapeseed stem should be within 2 d when storing at 4 ℃. For low storage temperature， -40 ℃ and -80 ℃ were better than -20 ℃. The results of this research provides a theoretical basis for daily storage and consumption of rapeseed stem and the multi-functional utilization of rapeseed.