新疆昌吉桑褶翅尺蛾生物学习性观察

桑褶翅尺蛾(Zamacra excavate Dyar)是体中型的蛾类，具有爆发性食叶危害的特点。为有效防治其入侵危害，对其扩散方式、发生发展过程、生物学习性和防治策略进行详细观察研究。采取多年、多点观察并结合实验室验证，系统调查桑褶翅尺蛾从羽化、产卵、孵化、化蛹到休眠、越夏、越冬的生活史过程，对各虫期的生物学性状详细观测和准确掌握。结果表明：桑褶翅尺蛾以茧蛹强力粘附于树木根基部扩散蔓延，以发育完全的成虫在蛹内越冬；北疆昌吉3月中下旬午后羽化，成虫出土，初步估算雌雄比例约5:1，雌虫产卵量大，孵化率高达95%,3～5龄幼虫食量暴增，昼夜取食，危害严重。加强检疫、冬灌、树干缠绕粘胶带以及在1、2龄幼虫时用药化防，可以减轻危害，取得较好的防效。桑褶翅尺蛾是一种羽化集中、产卵量大、孵化率高、爆发性危害较大的昆虫，加强检疫、及早发现、适时化防、入冬灭蛹、阻隔上树是综合防治该虫危害的重要方法。

Biological Behavior Study of Zamacra excavata Dyar in Changji of Xinjiang

Zamacra excavata Dyar is a medium-sized moth which can cause the outbreak of leaf eating hazards. In order to effectively control its invasion, it is important to study in detail its proliferation, occurrence and development process, biological behavior and control strategy. With many years of multi-place observation and laboratory verification, the life history of the moth from eclosion, oviposition, hatching, pupation to dormancy, as well as oversummering and overwintering were systematically investigated, and the biological characteristics of each stage were observed and obtained in a careful manner. The results show that the moths strongly adhere to the roots of trees as cocoon pupae, and fully develop into adults in pupa for overwintering. In the middle and late of March, adult moths unearth after eclosion in Changji of northern Xinjiang. It is estimated that the ratio of female to male moth is about 5:1. The females lay a large number of eggs, and the hatching rate is up to 95%. The appetite of the 3rd-5th instar larvae surges dramatically, feeding day and night, causing serious harm. Strengthening inspection and quarantine, winter irrigation, wrapping the tree trunk with adhesive tape and controlling the 1st and 2nd instar larvae with medication can reduce the hazard and achieve better control effect. The moth is an insect with concentrated eclosion, high oviposition and hatching rate, and its outbreak can cause serious damage. Strict inspection and quarantine, early detection, timely control, killing pupae in winter and blocking the moth from attaching to the trees are important methods for the comprehensive control of the hazard.