一种木薯种质资源离体保存方法的初步研究

为探讨木薯种质资源的离体保存方法，以木薯试管苗为主要材料，观测试管苗成活率、株高生长变化及茎秆变化情况，探索卡那培养基与常规培养基对木薯种质资源离体保存的效果。结果表明：在培养室温度25±2℃、光照强度3000 lx、光周期16 h/8 h的环境下，木薯品种‘华南8号’(SC8)试管苗在卡那培养基（MS+0.2 mg/L NAA +80 mg/L Kan +30 g/L蔗糖+9 g/L琼脂）保存时间为22~24个月，是常规培养基试管苗保存时间的10~12倍，且在卡那霉素培养基中生长的试管苗根系较发达、节间显著缩短、茎节数显著增加、茎秆明显增粗、叶色浓绿，温室移栽存活率超过了90%，是常规培养基的5~8倍。该保存方法有效延长了木薯种质资源的离体保存时间，既增强了种苗移载成活率和保存质量，又显著地节约了木薯种质资源保存过程中耗费的人力劳动、试剂药品、水电能源等成本。

A Preservation Method of Cassava Germplasm in Vitro

The study aims to investigate the preservation methods of cassava germplasm in vitro. The authors used cassava tissue culture plantlets as the main material to observe the survival rate of transplanting plantlets in green house, the growth change of plant height and stem in test tube, and to compare the effect of cassava germplasm preservation in different tissue culture medium. Results showed that, in the culture room of temperature（25±2）℃, light intensity 3000 lx and photoperiod 16 h/8 h, cassava germplasm tissue culture plantlets in medium with pH 5.8 and MS ＋ 0.2 mg/L NAA ＋ 80 mg/L Kan ＋ 30 g/L sucrose ＋ 9 g/L agar could well survive for 22 to 24 months, the survival rate of transplanting plantlets in green house was more than 90%,5-8 times of the survival rate in normal medium without any kanamycin. The study developed a good method to preserve cassava germplasm in vitro for remarkable cost saving of labor, reagents, water and electricity energy.It could also provide good quality of tissue culture plantlets for further utilization.