河南省潮土、砂姜黑土基本性质变化分析

通过对河南省潮土、砂姜黑土的室外采集与室内测定,对其基本性质的时空变化进行研究。结果表明:1潮土和砂姜黑土表层质地均以粉砂壤土为主,潮土颗粒大小级别以壤质为主,砂姜黑土颗粒大小级别以细壤质为主;21979—2012年,潮土表层p H平均值由8.3降为8.2,砂姜黑土表层p H平均值由7.8降为6.9,有机质、全氮平均含量均随时间变化上升,CEC均随时间变化而降低;砂姜黑土速效钾平均含量增加了51.3 mg/kg,潮土速效钾平均含量降低了21.2 mg/kg;潮土、砂姜黑土有效磷平均值分别由5.8 mg/kg和4.8 mg/kg上升至27.9 mg/kg和33.6 mg/kg,变化幅度较大,且变异系数较高,都达70%以上;3潮土、砂姜黑土不同地区及不同剖面层次的基本性质均存在较为明显的空间变化。

Basic Properties Variation of Fluvo-aquic Soil and Lime Calcic Black Soil in Henan Province

Spatial and temporal variability of basic properties of fluvo-aquic soil and lime calcic black soil?in Henan Province were studied. The results showed that the main texture was silt loam for both fluvo-aquic soil?and lime calcic black soil, and the particle size levels were loam and clayey loam for each of them. From 1979 to 2012, the mean pH of top layer?declined from 8.3 to 8.2 in fluvo-aquic soil and from 7.8 to 6.9 in lime calcic black, the mean organic matter and total nitrogen contents of the top layer increased but CEC declined, the mean content of rapidly available potassium increased by 51.3 mg/kg in lime calcic black soil but decreased by 21.2 mg/kg in fluvo-aquic soil, the mean content of available phosphorus of top layer increased obviously in both soils, increased from 5.8 mg/kg to 27.9 mg/kg and 4.8 mg/kg to 33.6 mg/kg, respectively. The above properties of fluvo-aquic soil?and lime calcic black soil varied greatly in different areas and different profile layers.