紫蛇尾的生化成分及作为饲料原料对刺参幼参生长和存活的影响

研究旨在明确紫蛇尾(Ophiopholis mirabilis)生化成分的组成与含量,以及作为饲料原料对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参生长和存活的影响。生化成分的测定采用了相应的国家标准和文献记录的方法;饲养试验共设6个处理,分别添加0%、1%、2.5%、5%、10%和15%的紫蛇尾干粉对试验刺参进行投喂,每个处理3个重复,每一重复设置30头平均初始体质量为(2.77±0.20)g的刺参幼参,试验为期4周。结果表明:紫蛇尾(鲜品)的水分含量为44.06%,灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和总糖(干品)含量依次为:74.47%、19.46%、1.57%和3.61%;在紫蛇尾体内检出的16种氨基酸中,谷氨酸含量最高,组氨酸含量最低,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的41.00%;检出并标定主要脂肪酸8种,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)3种,单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)2种,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)3种,其中,EPA相对含量最高;紫蛇尾含有的12种无机元素中,Ca含量较高,Mg次之,As含量最低。饲养试验结束时,A组(对照组0%)试验刺参的体重(Wt)显著小于D(5%)、E(10%)和F(15%)组(P<0.05),各处理组之间存活率(SR)的差异并不显著(P>0.05)。结果提示,紫蛇尾营养成分丰富,可作为刺参养殖的饲料原料。

Study on biochemical compositions of ophiopholis mirabilis and its influence on growth and survival of apostichopus japonicus as feed ingredients

Biochemical contents and compositions in ophiopholis mirabilis and its influence on growth and survival of Apostichopus japonicus as feed ingredients were investigated.The determinations of biochemical compositions used the national standards of China and methods of the relative references.There were 6 treatments in the feeding experiment that added the ophiopholis mirabilis dry powders of 0%,1%,2.5%,5%,10% and 15%,respectively,which fed the experimental A.japonicus for 4 weeks.Each treatment had 3 replicates,each replicate set 30 juvenile A.japonicus,the mean initial body weight of them was(2.77±0.20) g.The results showed that: The moisture content of O.mirabilis(fresh weight) was 44.06%,and its ash,crude protein,crude lipid and carbohydrate contents(dry weight) were 74.47%,19.46%,1.57% and 3.61%,respectively;In 16 amino acids of O.mirabilis,the glutamic acid and proline contents were respectively the maximum and minimum.The proportion of essential amino acids content in total amino acids was 41.00%;8 main fat acids were detected and marked,there were 3 SFAs,2 MUFAs,3 PUFAs in O.mirabilis,and EPA contents were the maximum;In its 12 inorganic elements,Ca,Mg and As contents were the maximum,second and minimum,respectively;At the end of feeding experiment,the body weights of experimental sea cucumbers in group A(addition percentage of O.mirabilis 0%) were remarkably less than group D(5%),E(10%) and F(15%)(P<0.05),while the differences of survival rates among experimental groups were not significant(P>0.05).These results indicated that there were abundant nutrient components in ophiopholis mirabilis,and it could be used as the feed ingredients to culture apostichopus japonicus.