家蚕后部丝腺细胞数与茧质性状关系的研究

采用OLYMPUS位相差显微镜(10×20)观察计数家蚕后部丝腺细胞数,结果得知:家蚕后部丝腺一侧细胞数在180—260个之间,标准差大多在5—25个之间;不同品种后部丝腺细胞数存在极明显差异;同一品种雌雄间差异不显著,其细胞数的分布属正态分布;同一头家蚕的两条后部丝腺的细胞数,少数个体存在一定的开差。后部丝腺细胞数与茧质性状的线性回归及离回归方差均达到极显著水平;后部丝腺细胞数杂种优势率与茧质件状杂种优势率大多没有显著的相关关系;说明后部丝腺细胞的多少是丝素蛋白产量高低的一个条件,而每个细胞合成、分泌丝素蛋白的能力强弱是产量高低的另一条件。

STUDIES ON RELATION BETWEEN CELL NUMBERS OF POSTERIOR SILKGLAND AND COCOON QUALITY CHARACTERS OF SILKWORM, BOMBYX MORI

The cell numbers of posterior part of larval silkglands, which have been observed and accounted by OLYMPUS phase contrast microscope(10X 20) ,vary from 180 to 260, and their standard difference is 5 to 25. The cell numbers in posterior silkglands of different silkworm races are obviously different. There is also variation between the pair of silkglands in the same individual larva,while this difference can not be seen between female and male larvae of the same variety. The cell numbers of the same race come into the normal distribution. The linear regression of cell numbers in posterior silkgland on cocoon quality characters and the deviation of this regression are of very great significance, but generally there is no significant positive correlation between the hybrid vigor rate of the cell numbers and that of the cocoon quality characters. It shows that the cell numbers of posterior silkgland are the base of silk protein synthesis,but the output of silk protein is related with the sericigenous ability of every silkgland cell.