安徽省玉米主要害虫种类与发生为害初探

系统调查了安徽省不同地区、玉米不同生育期害虫种类及发生为害情况。调查发现:安徽省全境玉米适生期长,玉米种植结构复杂,北部地区以连片种植夏玉米为主,南部地区以插花式播种春玉米为主。与为害夏玉米的害虫相比,南部春玉米害虫种类更为多样。亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)是全省玉米的主要害虫,其中铜陵地区春玉米苗期受亚洲玉米螟为害最重,被害株率达25.6%。蜗牛在夏玉米穗期和春玉米苗期为害严重,部分田块被害株率达100%。桃蛀螟Conogethes punctiferalis(Guenée)是春、夏玉米穗期的另一主要害虫,常与亚洲玉米螟、棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)和黏虫Mythimna separata(Walker)混合发生,但在淮北地区玉米秸秆中未发现冬后存活的桃蛀螟幼虫。

Preliminary investigation on species and occurrence of the major corn insect pests in Anhui Province

The species and occurrence of corn insect pests in different regions of Anhui Province were investigated systematically in the study. It has been found that the adaptation period of corn in Anhui is long and the planting structure is complex. In north Anhui, summer corn is mainly planted, however, in south Anhui, spring corn is mainly planted. Moreover, the species of insect pests in the south is more than that in the north. In general, Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the major corn insect pests in Anhui. The percentage of damage by ACB at seedling stage of corn is the highest in Tongling area with the rate of 25.6%. In addition, the snails cause the serious damage to the seedlings and ears of corn in both south and north of Anhui, with the damage rate of 100% in some field. Moreover, the yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée), which often occurred together with ACB, cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), and oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker), is another major insect pest on corn ears in Anhui. However, no alive overwintering larvae of C. punctiferalis could be found in corn stalks in north Anhui in spring.