人工合成六倍体小麦后代衍生群体Waxy蛋白亚基的分子标记

四倍体小麦与节节麦杂交培育的人工合成六倍体小麦已广泛应用于国内外小麦品种改良。以引自CIMMYT的Syn768、Syn769和Syn780人工合成六倍体小麦分别与中国四川成都平原主栽普通小麦品种杂交、回交的BC2F2:6后代群体中选育的113份优良高代系为材料，采用SSR特异引物的PAGE凝胶电泳对其Waxy蛋白亚基缺失类型进行了研究。结果表明，在所检测的121份材料中，8份材料缺失Waxy-B1型蛋白亚基，占全部材料的6.6%；没有检测到其他类型的缺失体。从每个人工合成六倍体小麦亲本材料所形成的后代衍生群体来看， Waxy-B1缺失体频率各不相同，说明Waxy蛋白亚基缺失类型在人工合成六倍体小麦后代衍生群体材料中的表现存在着随机性，与亲本的基因型状况关系极大。通过研究人工合成六倍体小麦与普通小麦杂交后代的Waxy蛋白亚基缺失类型，有助于提高分子标记育种效率。

Molecular Marker for the Waxy Protein Subunits in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat-Derived Populations

Synthetic hexaploid wheats, obtained by crossing tetraploid wheats (AABB) with Aegilops tauschii Coss (DD), containing genetic variability different from bread wheat, now have been widely used for genetic improvement of bread wheat. A total of 113 BC2F2:6 advanced lines derived from four CIMMYT synthetic hexaploid wheats, Syn768, Syn769 and Syn780, were used to detect Waxy protein by specific-primer PCR amplification and modified PAGE. The results showed that 8 of these cultivars and lines were the null Wx-B1 type and null frequency was 6.6%, and what is more, there was no other null types existing in the materials detected. The null frequency was different between the population from the three parents of synthetic hexaploid wheats. From this study, it could be concluded that the study on Waxy genotype of progeny from crosses of synthetic hexaploid wheat and bread wheat can provide useful information for improving bread wheat and be a useful tools in marker-assisted selection of wheat breeding programme.