西部农业开发的战略地位与现代化途径

西部农业在西部地区发展中具有多种区位特色和优势，是西部生态经济系统的重要组成部分，与林草植被建设不可分割，西部农业建设的方向是改造传统粗放扩张式农牧业，建设可持续的现代化西部，促使西部区域的第一性生产力、第二性生产力与农户经济生产力及区域生态服务能力之间的协调发展，在区域政策上，要通过制度创新和政策创新，开发可以增加农户收入的新技术、新经营方式，实现传统农牧业的跨越式改造，在技术策略上，改过去的广种薄收为集约经营，发展现代化山区农业和旱作农业；改过去的单一粮、薯、豆为多种多样的特色农笔业；改以往的放牧技术为退耕与禁牧结合，舒饲精养的现代化牧业方式；改长期靠天务农的方式为积极发展设备工程，增强人工生态系统的建设力度；改变以林为主，过分重视林木忽视草灌的技术政策，采取自然恢复与人工建设并重的技术策略，建立农－草－牧－林互补的生态经济模式。

On Agricultural Roles and Its Sustainable Development Strategy in Western Region of China

Agriculture in the western region of China has diversified regional characters and advantages in the process of western regional developing.As a necessary and important component of western economic system,agriculture and animal husbandry are indivisible to the forestrygrass vegetative construction.The direction of western agricultural construction is to transform the traditional extensive agriculture and animal husbandry to modern sustainable agriculture,to achieve the harmonize developing of primary productivity,second productivity,peasant economic and regional ecological service ability.On the premise of national returning grain plots policy,the western region should form new stimulating system,new technique to increase peasant income and new management pattern through the innovation of system and policy and to achieve the great remolding of traditional agriculture.Revising the usual extensive cultivation to intensive management,developing modern mountainous agricultue,dryfarming agriculture and advanced animal husbandry,returning grain plots to forestry and husbandry,increasing western region ability to resist nature calamity etc will be the major technological strategy to built implement ecolomic model of agriculturegrasshusbandryforestry in the end.