黑麦的不同抗条锈病特性在小麦育种中利用价值的评价

研究了含不同黑麦抗性基因的材料在小麦抗条锈病实际育种中的表现。在含不同来源的黑麦抗性基因的杂交F7以上高代株系群体中,11.68%~18.69%表现免疫或者高抗的材料在1年内就丧失了抗性;69.40%~81.07%的材料仍然保持了较好的抗性。而一些中抗材料却表现出了相对持久的抗性,表现了慢锈性的特征。这些结果证明了来源于黑麦的抗条锈病基因的多样性,同样可以表现为垂直抗性、水平抗性和慢锈性。此外,在调查中发现,F7及其更高世代仍有较多株系的抗病性在发生分离。本研究指出,在小麦抗条锈病育种中,垂直抗性基因和慢锈性基因的集合对延长新品种寿命有重要意义,在高世代株系中的进一步选择有利于实现这个目标。

Evaluation of Stripe Rust Resistance Originated from Different Rye (Secale cereale L.) Varieties in Wheat Breeding

Thousands of wheat advanced lines originated fromhybrids between wheat(Triticum aes-tivumL.) and rye(Secale cerealeL.) different varieties wereinvestigatedfor stripe rust resistancein2003 and 2004.The results showthat manylines werei mmune or high-resistant tostripe rust,andex-hibit excellent agronomic characters.Some lines which were i mmune or high-resistant to stripe rust in2003 lost their resistancein 2004,while otheri mmune-,high-or medium-resistant lines exhibitedlast-ing resistance to stripe rust.The results suggest that the resistance to stripe rust originated fromryecan behave with a diversity of vertical and horizontal resistance as well as slow-rusting asthose resistantgenes from wheat.In addition,it isfoundthat there also exists segregation of resistancein F7and evenlater generations.For this reason it is necessary to continuously select in the advanced generation inwheat breeding for resistance to stripe rust.