铁路罐车下装下卸可行性分析

目前，铁路罐车装卸油品方式主要以上装上卸为主，采用上卸方式易产生气阻，卸车效率低，且损耗大，易产生静电。已经成熟的汽车下装下卸技术，特别是无残油留存新型阀门技术的发展为铁路轻油罐车的改造提供了新思路。基于无残油留存新型阀门技术的工作原理，论述了铁路罐车实施下装下卸的可行性。同时，在底卸方面成熟的安全措施经验和管理规定可为铁路罐车下装下卸技术的顺利实施提供保障。铁路罐车下装下卸技术的应用，可有效解决气阻、静电等问题，降低损耗，节约投资，产生一定经济和社会效益。（图3，参6）

Feasible to bottom loading and unloading for rail tanks

At present, oil loading and unloading in railway tank wagon is mainly from top, this way is prone to air-lock and static electricity with low unloading efficiency and high loss. The technology of bottom loading and unloading for automobile tanker which is already mature, especially the advent of new residue-free valve, offers new thinking to the renovation of railway light oil tank wagon. Based on the working principle of the new residue-free valve, the paper demonstrates the feasibility to bottom loading and unloading railway tanker. At the same time, the mature safety measures and administrative regulations of bottom unloading can provide a support to the smooth implementation of bottom loading and unloading railway tanker. The application of this technology can solve the problems in air-lock and static electricity, reduce loss, save cost, resulting in some economic and social benefits. （3 Figures, 6 References）