野生樱桃李对北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫的抗性

为探明野生樱桃李抗根结线虫种质资源的价值,以实生钵苗为试材,采用人工接种等方法,研究其对北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫的抗性.结果表明:接种后30 d,野生樱桃李根系中北方根结线虫、花生根结线虫的雌成虫数量分别占2龄线虫接种量的0.16％和0.03％,依据抗性评价标准判定其高抗北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫；接种北方根结线虫的群体中包含免疫、高抗和中抗3种类型,分别占群体总数的46％、48％和6％；接种花生根结线虫的包含免疫和高抗2种类型,分别占群体总数的56％和44％;接种北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫的植株未被侵染率分别为46％和52％,所有供试植株根系表面均未发现线虫卵块.野生樱桃李高抗北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫,其对北方根结线虫、花生根结线虫的抗性均存在显著的株间分离现象；抗侵入、抗发育和抗繁殖是其对北方根结线虫和花生根结线虫的主要抗性机制；野生樱桃李是抗根结线虫核果类果树砧木种质资源树种.

Resistance of Prunus divaricata Ledeb to major root-knot nematodes of Meloidogyne hapla and Meloidogyne arenaria

In order to evaluate the resistant value of Prunus divaricata Ledeb germplasm resources,the pot seedlings of Prunus divaricata Ledeb were inoculated with root-knot nematodes of Meloidogyne hapla and Meloidogyne arenaria.The results showed that 0.16 % and 0.03% of the second stage juvenile nematodes(J2) in all inoculation J2 of M. hapla and M.arenaria were developed into female adults in the following 30 days after artificial inoculation.Prunus divaricata Ledeb was highly resistant to the root-knot nematodes of M. hapla and M. arenaria according to the resistance evaluation standard.The immune,highly resistant and middle resistant genotypes to M. hapla were found in Prunus divaricata Ledeb,being 46%,48% and 6% of the seedlings respectively.The immune,highly resistant genotypes to M. arenaria were found in Prunus divaricata Ledeb,being 56% and 44% of the seedlings respectively.It was found that 1.2% and 0.4% of inoculation nematode quantity were penetrated by M.hapla and M. arenaria respectively and 87% and 92.7% of the penetrated nematode population were not developed into female adults and no eggs were found on any root surfaces of the materials.The high resistance of Prunus divaricata Ledeb to M. hapla and M. arenaria was segregated in seedlings.Prunus divaricata Ledeb was one of resistant species and germplasm resources for root-knot nematodes of M. hapla and M. arenaria because it could resist penetration and delay the development of juvenile nematodes.The resistance of penetration,upgrowth and breeding is the major resistance mechanism.