小麦种子颜色测定的色差计法和目测法及对穗发芽抗性的鉴定效果

为了解种子颜色目测法和色差计法对小麦穗发芽抗性的鉴定效果,利用这两种方法对1 018份小麦材料种子颜色进行测定,并分析了色差计量指标L~*、a~*、b~*及a~*/b~*、b~*/a~*、a~*/L~*、b~*/L~*值与种子颜色和穗发芽抗性的关系。结果表明:(1)红粒小麦a~*、a~*/b~*和a~*/L~*的均值均显著高于白粒小麦,其他指标均值显著低于白粒小麦;(2)a~*/b~*和b~*/a~*值与种子颜色相关性强,相关系数分别为-0.934和0.941,其线性回归方程可用于判断小麦种子颜色;(3)红粒小麦的穗发芽抗性显著高于白粒小麦,但不同红粒品种之间穗发芽抗性差异很大,变异系数为122.36%;(4)种子颜色及a~*/b~*和b~*/a~*值与穗发芽抗性相关性强,相关系数分别为0.854、-0.831和0.835;其次是a~*/L~*值与穗发芽抗性的相关性,其相关系数为-0.735;(5)目测法获得的种子颜色可解释穗发芽抗性72.9%的变异,色差计参数可解释穗发芽抗性72.5%的变异,但在单独分析时,色差计参数对红粒和白粒小麦穗发芽抗性分别仅能解释11.4%和8.7%的变异。总之,色差计法测量种子颜色,可以作为目测法判别小麦种子颜色的补充方法,用于种子颜色定性和定量比较分析。尽管红粒小麦比白粒小麦抗穗发芽,但鉴于红粒小麦品种(系)间穗发芽抗性差异很大,仍需进行穗发芽抗性鉴定。

Colorimeter Method and Visual Method for Determining the Color of Wheat Grain and Identification Effect of Resistance to Pre-Harvest Sprouting

In order to understand the effect of visual method and colorimeter for identification of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting,the grain colors of 1 018 wheat materials were determined with the two methods,and the relationship between color measurement indexes including LYr69^*,a^*,b^*,a^*/b^*,b^*/a^*,a^*/LYr69^* and b^*/LYr69^* were analyzed.The results showed that:the mean values of a^*,a^*/b^* and a^*/LYr69^* of red-grained wheat were significantly higher than those of white-grained wheat,and the average values of other indexes were significantly lower than those of white grained wheat. a^*/b^* and b^*/a^* values had strong correlation with grain color,and the correlation coefficients were -0.934 and 0.941,respectively. Grain color,a^*/b^* and b^*/a^* had strong correlation with pre-harvest sprouting resistance,and the correlation coefficients were 0.854,-0.831 and 0.835,respectively. The correlation coefficient between a^*/LYr69^* value and pre harvest sprouting resistance was -0.735. The grain color obtained by visual method can explain 72.9% of the variation of pre harvest sprouting resistance. The colorimeter method can explain 72.5% of the variation of pre-harvest sprouting resistance,but only 11.4% and 8.7% of the variation of red-grained and white-grained wheat can be explained by colorimeter method,respectively. To conclude,the colorimeter method can be used as a supplementary method to visual method to determine the color of wheat grain,which can be used for qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of grain color. Although red-grained wheat is more resistant to pre-harvest germination than white-grained wheat,it is still necessary to identify the pre-harvest sprouting resistance in view of the great difference in pre-harvest sprouting resistance among red-grained wheat varieties.