丛枝菌根提高植物耐盐性的研究进展

近年来,土地盐渍化越来越多的引起人们的关注,已成为最常见的农业问题之一,其对人类造成的危害主要是使农作物减产甚至绝收,并间接造成生态环境恶化。研究表明丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi,AMF)在盐胁迫下能与很多种植物共生,能够提高植物的耐盐性,促进植物在盐胁迫中生长。因此,探索AMF缓解盐胁迫对植物的危害是近年来生态学和农业生产中的热点问题。综述了AMF在植物干物质的积累、营养吸收、渗透调节、抗氧化酶系统、叶绿素浓度、水分状况、植物激素信号以及一些耐盐相关基因方面国内外最新的研究成果,并对利用AMF提高植物耐盐性相关研究提出了展望,以期为盐碱地的改良及农业生产提供参考依据。

Research Progress on Mechanism of Plant Salt Tolerance Enhanced by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

In recent years soil salinization has bee n paid more attention and become one of the most common agricultural problems,because it results in the reduction of crop yield even no harvest and indirectly causes the deterioration of ecological environment.Some researches found that arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) symbiotic with plants enhances plant salt tolerance and promotes plant growth under salt stress.Therefore,it is a hot issue to explore AMF in alleviating the damage of salt stress to plants in the ecology and agricultural production.The latest research progresses in AMF have been summarized about the accumulation of dry matter,plant nutrient uptake,osmoregulation,antioxidant system,chlorophyll concentration,water status,plant hormone signal and some genes related to salt tolerance.In addition,the prospect of using AMF to improve plant salt tolerance was also proposed,which will provide reference for the improvement of saline alkali and agricultural production.