台湾地区红壤性水稻土速效氮磷含量对棘孢木霉菌及配施秸秆与氮肥的响应

以台湾苗栗红壤上发育的水稻土为研究对象,采用室内培养的方法,研究了棘孢木霉菌及配施秸秆与氮肥对土壤速效磷和速效氮含量的影响,以期了解棘孢木霉菌对台湾地区红壤性水稻土的培肥效果,同时为棘孢木霉菌在农业土壤肥力方面的应用提供合理依据。结果表明:(1)添加棘孢木霉菌可提高台湾地区红壤性水稻土速效磷含量0.65~1.81 mg kg~(-1),并在第35 d时达到最大值5.74 mg kg~(-1)(P0.05),明显高于秸秆和氮肥单独施用的效果。红壤性水稻土速效磷含量对棘孢木霉菌与秸秆和尿素配合施用的响应最大,增幅范围为2.09~3.37 mg kg~(-1),培养21 d时速效磷含量达到最大值8.08 mg kg~(-1)(P0.05)。(2)单独添加棘孢木霉菌对台湾地区红壤性水稻土速效氮含量没有产生有效影响,与试验预期效果不符。棘孢木霉菌及配施秸秆与两种氮肥(尿素和硫酸铵)施用对红壤速效氮含量有一定的提升影响,增幅范围分别为8.07~34.73 mg kg~(-1)和28.62~52.46 mg kg~(-1),分别在培养28 d和42 d时达到速效氮含量最大值36.88和54.57 mg kg~(-1)(P0.05)。红壤性水稻土速效氮含量对单施硫酸铵的响应最好,增幅范围为32.54~59.21 mg kg~(-1),培养35 d时速效氮含量最大值为61.06 mg kg~(-1)(P0.05)。试验成果为棘孢木霉菌及配施秸秆与氮肥应用于土壤营养改良提供理论参考。

Response of Available Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Red Paddy Soil of Taiwan to Different Combinations of Trichoderma Asperellum,Straw and Nitrogen Fertilizer

In this paper,the effects of different combinations of straw,nitrogen fertilizer and Trichoderma asperellum on soil available phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) using the method of lab culture in red paddy soil in Miaoli of Taiwan Province.The objective of this paper was to explore the effect of Trichoderma asperellum on the fertility of red paddy soil in Taiwan and provide a reasonable basis for the application of Trichoderma asperellum in agricultural soil.The results showed:(1) Trichoderma asperellum increased the content of soil available P by from 0.65 mg kg-1 to 1.81 mg kg-1 and its maximum value of available P was 5.74 mg kg-1 at 35 d (P ＜ 0.05).The effect of Trichoderma asperellum on available P was significantly higher than that of straw and nitrogen fertilizer.The addition of Trichoderma asperellum,straw and urea significantly increased the content of available P by from 2.09 mg kg-1 to 3.37 mg kg-1 and the maximal value of available P was 8.08 mg kg-1 at 21 d (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Trichoderma asperellum had no significant effect on the content of available N in red paddy soils.Trichoderma asperellum application combined with straw and two N fertilizers (urea and ammonium sulfate) to red paddy soil raised the content of available N by from 8.07 mg kg-1 to 34.73 mg kg-1 and by from 28.62 to 52.46 mg kg-1,respectively.The maximal value of available N were 36.88 mg kg-1 at 28 d and 54.57 mg kg-1 at 42 d (P ＜ 0.05).After the addition of ammonia sulfate to red paddy soil,the content of available N increased by 32.54 mg kg-1 to 59.21 mg kg-1 and reached the peak of 61.06 mg kg-1 at 35 d (P ＜ 0.05).The results would provide theoretical reference for modification of soil nutrition with Trichoderma asperellum,straw,and nitrogen fertilizer.