1995-2013年承德市生态足迹变化分析

生态足迹可用于测定与度量区域可持续发展程度。文章通过对承德市1995-2013年的生态足迹进行计算,分析了城市生态足迹的动态变化,为制定地区生态足迹消减政策提供依据。结果表明:1995-2013年承德市总的人均生态足迹呈递增状态,由1995年的1.1740 ghm2/人增至2013年的2.4939 ghm2/人,增幅为112.44%;化石能源用地是承德市人均生态足迹增大的主要原因;可利用人均生态承载力呈现先减后增的趋势,由1995年的0.2888 ghm2/人下降至2007年的0.2471 ghm2/人,降幅为16.88%,而后增加至2013年的0.3758 ghm2/人,增幅为34.25%。承德市一直处于生态赤字状态,且呈增加趋势,1995-2013年的人均生态赤字分别是全球及全国2008年水平的1.8倍和1.3倍,分别是北京市、天津市以及河北省1996-2011年平均水平的53.65%、65.20%和98.66%,对减小京津冀地区生态赤字的贡献率不大。

Dynamics Analysis of Ecological Footprint of Chengde City in 1995-2013

Ecological footprint can be used to measure the regional sustainable development level. This paper calculated the ecological footprints of Chengde City in 1995-2003 to analyze the dynamic change of ecological footprint in there, so as to provide the basis for regional ecological footprint reduction policy. The result showed that the per capita ecological footprint had rapidly increased in 1995-2013from 1.1740 ghm2/person in 1995 to 2.4939 ghm2/person, up 112.44%. Fossil energy use is the main reason for the growth of per capita ecological footprint. The available per capita ecological carrying capacity presented a trend of first decrease from 0.2888 ghm2/person in 1995 to 0.2471 ghm2/person in 2007, down 16.88%, and then increase up to 0.3758 ghm2/person, up 34.25%. Chengde has been in a state of ecological deficit and the deficit moreover presented agrowing trend. The average per capita ecological deficit was 1.8 times of the global level and 1.3 times of the national level in 2008, respectively took up 53.65%, 65.20% and 98.66%. of the levels of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, respectively, during 1996-2011. This indicates that the current ecological footprint in Chengde makes little contribution to the reduction of ecological deficit in reducing Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.