光不敏感型大刍草新种质选育及利用的初步研究

热带类玉米属大刍草(Zea mexicana)为短日植物，在我国北方长日地区不能正常开花结实。本研究初步分析通过系统选育方法选出的光不敏感型大刍草新品种“鲁牧2号”，在长日照地区大田繁种和利用其进行杂交制种的可行性。结果表明，该品种能在长日地区（山东）正常开花结实，开花期在8月上中旬，10月上旬种子成熟。鲜草产量达45 930 kg/hm2，种子产量达1 595.5 kg/hm2，利用该品种作父本杂交制种试验成功率达72.7%。本研究结果说明该种质能够在长日照地区应用，对降低玉米（Z. mays）制种成本、丰富遗传育种资源具有重要意义。

Primary selection and utilization of a new germplasm teosinte(Zea mexicana)with photoperiod no-sensitivity

Torrid Zone teosinte(Zea mexicana)is short-day plant,and does not bloom and produce seed in the long-day area of north China.An experiment was conducted in the long day area to estimate the reproduction property and hybrid selection possibility of a new germplasm teosinte ’Lumu No.2’ with photoperiod no-sensitivity,which was selected from nature variance plant by systematical breed.This study showed that the new germplasm was able to produce seeds in long-day area,and its florescence date was in early or medium August and the seed mature date was in early October.The fresh grass and seed yield was 45 930 kg/ha and 1 595.5 kg/ha,respectively.The successful rate of hybrid selection was 72.7% when ’Lumu No.2’ was used as father plant.This study suggested that the new germplasm could plant in long-day area,which would amplify the germplasm of hybrid selection and reduce cost of corn seed production.