水分对云南松苗木生理生化特性的影响

采用L₉(3⁴)正交设计，在温棚内开展定量水分控制的云南松苗木培育试验，了解浇水间隔和浇水量及其处理组合对苗木针叶生理生化指标的影响。结果表明，试验9个处理组合的叶绿素a、b及其总的、类胡萝卜素、脯氨酸和蛋白质含量分别为0.428~0.944、0.053~0.268、0.517~1.211、0.130~0.257 mg/g、9.400~28.235 μg/g、0.312%~0.382%。2 d浇水1次，1次浇1/4饱和含水量的处理组合，即短间隔与较少浇水量的组合有利于叶绿素a、b及其总的和类胡萝卜素的积累；与之相反，3 d浇水1次，1次浇1/4饱和含水量（长间隔少量浇水）的处理组合则提高脯氨酸含量，以抵御干旱对苗木的伤害；1 d浇水1次，1次浇1/4饱和含水量提高蛋白质的积累。处理组合间以上6个指标具有极显著的差异（P<0.01）。短间隔少量浇水是解除云南松蹲苗现象、培育无蹲苗期壮苗的关键措施之一。

Effects of Watering Control on Physiological and Biochemical Traits of Pinus yunnanensis Seedlings

In order to understand the effects of watering interval and quantity on physiological and biochemical traits of seedling leaves,an orthogonal design L₉(3⁴) was employed to implement the experiment on cultivated Pinus yunnanensis seedlings in a greenhouse.The results showed that the ranges of the contents of chlorophyll a,b and their sums,carotenoid,proline and protein were 0.428-0.944,0.053-0.268,0.517-1.211,0.130-0.257 mg/g,9.400-28.235 μg/g,and 0.312%-0.382%,respectively,in 9 combinational treatments.Short watering interval and low water quantity (such as watering once every two days with 1/4 saturated water content,SWC) facilitated accumulation of the chlorophyll a,b,total chlorophyll and carotenoid.While long watering interval and low water quantity (such as watering every three days with 1/4 SWC increased the contents of proline to resist drought damage on the seedlings.Watering once a day with 1/4 SWC could increase the protein accumulation.Significant differences were observed in the above mentioned six parameters among different treatments (P<0.01).The research results indicated that short watering interval with less watering quantity could also avoid the phenomenon of appearing the grass stage for P.yunnanensis seedlings.