新疆农田防护林生态系统服务功能价值核算

运用市场价值法、影子价格法、机会成本法等，对新疆2007年和2011年农田防护林生态服务功能价值进行了核算。结果表明，2007年和2011年农田防护林生态服务功能的总价值分别为392.20亿元和696.02亿元，各项生态服务指标的价值顺序为:固碳释氧＞防风固沙＞积累营养物质＞生物多样性保护＞保育土壤＞净化大气；新疆农田防护林生态服务的总价值年均增加75.96亿元，其中固碳释氧的价值增加最大，为49.60亿元，其余依次是防风固沙、积累营养物质、林产品、生物多样性保护、保育土壤、净化大气，年均增加价值分别为13.65、5.19、4.19、1.83、0.83亿元和0.68亿元。固碳释氧和防风固沙服务功能价值在农田防护林中贡献巨大，应尽快建立市场补偿机制和完善生态服务功能价值评估方法，促进农田防护林从生态型向生态经济型转变。

Evaluation for Ecosystem Services Value of Farmland Shelterbelt in Xinjiang

Ecological service value of shelter-belt forests in Xinjiang in 2007 and 2011 was evaluated by applying the methods of market price,shadow price,and opportunity cost.The total ecological service values in 2007 and 2011 were 3.92×10¹⁰,and 6.96×10¹⁰ Yuan,respectively.The value of ecological service function index was in the order of CO₂ fixation and O₂ release ＞wind prevention and sand fixation＞nutrient accumulation＞biodi-versity protection＞soil protection＞air purification.The increment of total ecological service value was 7.60×10⁹ Yuan each year.The value of CO₂ fixation & O₂ release was the largest (4.96×10⁹ Yuan),followed by wind prevention and sand fixation (1.37×10⁹ Yuan),nutrient accumulation (5.19×10⁸ Yuan),forest products (4.19×10⁸ Yuan),biodiversity protection (1.83×10⁸ Yuan),soil protection (0.83×10⁸ Yuan),air purification (0.68×10⁸ Yuan).Due to the fact that CO₂ fixation and O₂ release and the wind prevention and sand fixation were tremendous,it was suggested that market compensation mechanism for ecological service function should be established,and proper evaluation method should be put forward.