宫胁法造林对佛山市森林土壤质量的影响

为了探讨不同造林方法对林地土壤质量的影响，以佛山市南海区的4种宫胁法造林地、1种传统法造林地和1种未经林分改造的林地为研究对象，对6种不同类型林地的土壤理化特性和生物学特性进行了比较分析。结果表明，除土壤自然含水量具显著性差异外，不同造林方法对土壤物理特性的影响差异不显著，相对而言，宫胁法2造林更有利于保持土壤物理特性最优化；就土壤化学特性而言，土壤有机质含量最高的为宫胁法2造林地，土壤全氮、有效氮、有效钾含量最高的为宫胁法3造林地，土壤全磷和有效磷含量最高的则为传统法造林地；就土壤生物学特性而言，各类型造林地中，宫胁法3造林地的土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均表现最高，而宫胁法1和宫胁法4最低。宫胁法3和对照样地土壤酶活性均显著高于其他造林地，宫胁法2和宫胁法1造林地土壤酶活性则最低。主成分分析结果显示，不同造林方法的土壤质量综合指数为:宫胁法3>宫胁法1>宫胁法2>传统法>宫胁法4>对照，说明林分改造能有效的改良土壤质量，且宫胁法3造林改良效果最优，宜在林分改造实践中重点考虑。

Effects of Miyawaki Forest Reconstruction Method on Forest Soil Quality in Foshan

Four plots transformed with 4 types of Miyawaki Method,one with traditional method,and one without transformation in Nanhai district of Foshan were chosen to examine the effects of different afforestation methods on soil quality by measuring soil physicochemical and biological.The results showed that except for natural soil moisture,no significant effects of different afforestation methods were found on soil physical properties,while the Miyawaki Method 2 was more conducive to maintain the optimization of soil physical characteristics.As to the soil chemical properties,plantations land in which the soil organic matter content was the highest was the forestland transformed with Miyawaki Method 2,one in which the soil total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available potassium contents were the highest was the woodland transformed with Miyawaki Method 3,and one in which the soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents were the highest was the woodland transformed with the traditional method.As to the biological characteristics of the soil,the plantations in which the soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes number were the highest was the woodland transformed with Miyawaki Method 3,while those with Miyawaki method 1 and 4 were the lowest.The soil enzyme activity of the land transformed with Miyawaki Method 3 was significantly higher than those of other transformed plots,while those with Miyawaki Method 2 and Miyawaki Method 1 were the lowest.The results of principal component analysis showed that the order of comprehensive indexes of soil quality in the plantation lands transformed with different planting methods was Miyawaki Method 3>Miyawaki Method 1>Miyawaki Method 2>traditional method>Miyawaki Method 4>control,which illustrated thatby comparison with the control plots,afforestation could improve the soil quality,and the improvement efficiency with Miyawaki Method 3 was the best and should be took into serious consideration.