青藏高原东北部3种野豌豆植物学特性及资源储量

采用野外定点法、最小样方法和统计学方法对生长于青藏高原东北部的3种野豌豆属植物的植物学特性、生态环境、群落数量特征及资源储量进行研究。结果显示,救荒野豌豆、山野豌豆和三齿萼野豌豆的植物学特性、生态环境和群落数量特征具有一定差异,3种野豌豆在青海省的资源总储量分别为0.46×10~6、0.23×10~6、0.27×10~6 kg,表明3种野豌豆属植物的资源总量在青海省并不高,应对其进行有效的引种驯化,实现人工繁育和增加资源储量,这既可保护青海省甚至青藏高原的生态环境,也可对其资源进行有效地保护和合理开发利用。

Botanical Characteristics and Resource Accumulation of Three Vicia Species from Northeast of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Vicia sativa, V.amoena and V.bungei not only can fix nitrogen strongly , but also are important and fine pastures in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).Meanwhile, it is better bee and flower plants because of drought and cold resistance, long florescence, colored flower, etc.So,it has greater ecological and social economic values.The botanical characteristics, ecological environment, population characters and resource accumulation of Vicia sativa, V.amoena and V.bungei in the QTP were studied through a method of pointing field and least sample and statistics in this paper.The result showed that there were some extent difference on botanical characteristics, ecological environment and population characters among the three Vicia species.Furthermore, the total resource accumulations of the three Vicia species in Qinghai province are 0.46×10⁶, 0.23×10⁶ and 0.27×10⁶ kg, respectively.The results suggested that the total accumulation of the three Vicia species is not high,so it should be introduced and domesticated in order to realize their artificial breeding and increase resource reserves.This can protect the fragile ecological environment in Qinghai province, and even the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Furtherly, the resources of three Vicia species can also be effectively protected and reasonably developed and utilized.