两种利用类型煤矸山复垦重构土壤贮水特性研究

土壤贮水能力是复垦地植被恢复和生态重建的基础。因此开展煤矸山复垦重构土壤贮水能力研究对于指导煤矸山植被复垦具有重要意义。以长治王庄煤矸山复垦6 a的林地（SL）和草地（GL）为对象，分析了2种利用类型煤矸山复垦重构土壤1 m土层贮水状况。结果表明:（1）复垦林地（SL）和复垦草地（GL）土壤容重分别较普通林草地（CK）高12.7%和19.0%（p > 0.01）。两种复垦地土壤容重的剖面变化有别于普通农地，并且其差异主要体现在60 cm以上土层。（2）SL样地和GL样地土壤总孔隙度分别较CK样地低20.5%和30.9%，非毛管孔隙度分别较CK低80.0%和74.9%，而土壤毛管孔隙度分别较CK样地高14.1%和2.4%，因此，两种复垦地土壤饱和贮水量和非毛管贮水量明显低于普通农地，但毛管贮水量高于普通农地。（3）SL样地和GL样地1 m土层土壤平均含水量和总贮水量分别较CK样地高7.8%，12.3%和23.5%，34.9%，但两种复垦地与普通农地1 m土层含水量和贮水量的差异在60—100 cm最大。

Study on Soil Water-Holding Capacity Between Two Types of Reclamation Agroforestry Land on a Coal Waste Pile

Soil water-holding capacity is a basic condition on vegetation recovery and ecological reconstruction reclamation in reconstructed soil. Therefore, it is very important for choice of the vegetation types by studying soil water-holding capacity between different types of reclamation agroforestry lands. The soil water-holding capacities within 100 cm soil layer of shrub land after six years of reclamation (SL) and grassland after six years of reclamation (GL) were studied on a coal waste pile in Wang village, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province. The results showed that: (1) the mean soil bulk densities of reclamation shrub land (SL) and reclamation grass land (GL) within 100 cm soil layer increased by 12.7% and 19.0% compared to CK, respectively, the profile propertes within 100 cm soil layer of SL and GL were different from those of the CK, and the differences were mainly reflected in above 60 cm soil layer; (2) soil total porosities in SL and GL decreased by 20.5% and 30.9% compare to CK, respectively, and non-capillary porosities decreased by 20.5% and 30.9%, respectively, but capillary porosities increased by 14.1% and 2.4%, respectively, therefore, soil saturated water contents and non-capillary water storage in SL and GL were lower than those in CK, but capillary water storage was higher; (3) the mean soil water contents and soil water storage in SL and GL within 100 cm soil layer increased by 7.8%, 12.3% and 23.5%, 34.9% compare to CK, respectively, but it was different in different soil layers, and it was mainly reflected in 60—100 cm soil layer.