水稻施用控释肥料生长效应研究

通过盆栽试验研究了5种控释肥的氮素释放规律、水稻生长效应及养分利用率。结果表明，控释肥BCUF、BNF、BLF处理在水稻移栽后的前30 d内氮素养分释放量高，中后期氮素供应充足，成穗率高、实粒数多，较对照SRSF处理产量分别增长21.56%、6.36%和5.51%，氮素利用率分别增加69.76%、23.62%和15.23%，磷素利用率分别增加28.24%、7.49%和10.95%，钾素利用率分别增加21.53%、10.03%和19.02%。而控释肥BTF和BAF处理因养分的释放过于缓慢，限制了分蘖增长和穗发育，以致穗数、实粒数显著减少，较SRSF处理产量分别降低9.15%和28.66%，养分利用率也显著降低。

Effects of controlled-release fertilizers on rice growth

A Pot trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of 5 controlled-release fertilizers, as single basal application at 1.6 g N /pot, on soil nitrogen supply, rice growth and NPK utilization efficiency. Results showed the N release rate of controlled-release fertilizer BCUF, BNF and BLF treatments were higher than that of conventional specific fertilizer(SRSF) treatment within 30 d after transplanting, and kept relatively sufficient N supply during medium and late of rice growth. As the results of higher productive tiller percentage and seed setting rate, BCUF, BNF and BLF treatments increased yield of rice grain by 21.56%, 6.36% and 5.51% respectively over the SRSF treatment. Meanwhile, treatments of the three control-release fertilizers respectively increased N utilization efficiency by 69.76%, 23.62% and 15.23%, P utilization efficiency by 28.24%, 7.49% and 10.95%, K utilization efficiency by 21.53%, 10.03% and 19.02% in comparison to the SRSF treatment. On the other hand, treatments of the other two controlled-release fertilizers BTF and BAF, probably due to their too slowly supply of N thus limiting both tiller and panicle development, significantly decreased the number of panicles and spikelets per panicle, resulting in yield decrease up to 9.15% and 28.66% respectively. In addition, N, P and K utilization efficiency of BTF and BAF treatments was significantly declined.