甘蓝主要品质性状杂种优势和亲本配合力分析

本试验采用亲缘远近不同、品质性状差异较大的材料,对5个主要品质性状进行研究。结果表明,主要品质性状存在一定程度的杂种优势。叶球Vc(维生素C)含量表现为负向优势,但利用优势育种途径有可能培育出Vc含量超高亲的杂种一代。粗纤维、心柱长、帮叶比和紧实皮主要表现为正向优势。同一性状不同亲本自交系的一般配合力不同,不同杂交组合的特殊配合力也不同。1072是各种品质性状一般配合力都突出的优良自交系,1072×红-6为特殊配合力突出的优良组合。心柱长等5个主要品质性状均存在细胞质效应,育种中应注意正、反交差异。

STUDIES ON HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY OF MAIN QUALITY TRAITS IN CABBAGE

With 4×4 diallel crosses designed according to Griffing's (1956) method Ⅰ, the study of vitamin C, crude fiber, core length, ratio of midribs to leaves and degree of firmness was made. The results were as follows. Heterosis existed in main quality traits in some degree. Vitamin C showed negative heterosis, whereas all the other traits showed positive heterosis. General combining abilities of different parents with the same traits were different. Special combining abilities of different crosses were different too. Inbred 1072 had the best GCA and 1072×R-6 had the best SCA. There existed dominant cytoplasm effect in all traits studied.