东北地区和黄淮海地区玉米种质利用模式的比较

利用SSR标记分别对东北春播和黄淮海夏播玉米产区主要自交系的遗传多样性进行分析,并在此基础上对东北和黄淮海地区的玉米种质利用模式进行比较。东北地区利用的种质类型比较丰富,包括PA、PB、旅大红骨、Lan.和塘四平头亚群,利用的杂种优势模式以PA×旅大红骨为主,在生育期较短的玉米产区Lan.×塘四平头是很重要的利用模式,在黑龙江省和吉林省北部地方种质发挥了重要作用。黄淮海夏播玉米产区利用的种质主要是PA、PB和塘四平头亚群,利用的杂种优势模式以PA×塘四平头为主。PA×PB杂种优势模式呈现上升趋势,有利于实现跨区域整合玉米种质的杂种优势群和模式。

Comparisons of Heterotic Patterns on Maize Germplasm Between Northeast Provinces and Huanghuaihai Valley

The genetic diversity of maize inbred lines used widely in Northeast provinces and in Huanghuaihai valley was characterized with SSR markers. The heterotic patterns and features of germplasm used predominantly in spring maize production in Northeast provinces and in summer maize area in Huang Huai Hai valley were compared. PA(Reid), PB, Lancaster and Sipingtou germplasm were used widely in Northeast provinces. PA × Lvda red cob was the dominating heterotic pattern in south part of Northeast region, and Lancaster × Sipingtou was the dominant pattern in the rest part of Northeast provinces. PA, PB and Sipingtou germplasm were used widely in Huang Huai Hai valley, and PA×Sipingtou was the dominating pattern in this region. PA × PB was increasing to be used as a dominant pattern in Huang Huai Hai valley, and will facilitate simplifying the heterotic pattern in the country.