利用RAPD标记预测黄瓜一代杂种的产量优势

 应用RAPD标记研究39个黄瓜自交系间的遗传关系。在供试的178条引物中, 49条引物呈现出多态性, 共扩增出378 条带, 其中137 条多态。据此所得的聚类图与形态特征相适应, 遗传距离为0.0645～0.5992, 平均为0.2458, 表明自交系间遗传差异较大。选择自交系间遗传距离大、中、小组合各若干, 配制杂交组合60个, 其杂种产量及产量构成的优势表现明显, 变异幅度较大( - 39% ～136% ) ,在遗传距离0.19～0.27的组合中遗传距离与杂种产量及构成因子优势的相关性达显著水平, 与单株产量、单瓜质量、总瓜数超中优势的相关系数分别为0.6207、0.5012和0.3918。选择遗传距离0.24～0.27的组合58个, 与随机配制的60个组合相比, 产量分别比‘津春2号’与‘津优10号’提高10%的入选几率大大提高。

Utilization of RAPD Markers to Predict Fruit Yield of Hybrid in Cucumber

Random amplified polymorphic DNA markerswere used to analyze the genetic relationship among 39 cucumber inbred lines. One hundred and seventy-eight arbitrary primers were selected and 49 primers could amplify 378 bands, among them 137 were polymorphic. Based on these data the resulted dendrogram was coincident with the morphology. The genetic distance (GD) between the inbred lines varied from 0.0645 to 0.5992 with the mean value of 0.2458, which showed a wide genetic diversity existed in these inbred lines.The parental combination with higher, medium and lower genetic distances were selected and 60 crosses were made. Heterosis was found to be significant for yield and its components, which varied from - 39% to 136%.The association between genetic distance of parents and heterosis for yield and its components is only significant in the crosses in which the GD of parents varied from 0.19 to 0.27. The correlation coefficient with the total yield, average fruitmass and the total number of fruit was 0.6207, 0.5012 and 0.3918. According to the rule the parental combination with the GD varying from 0.24 to 0.27 were selected and 58 crosses were made. The possibility of hybrids with the yield 10% higher than‘Jinchun 2’and‘Jinyou 10’were significantly increased compared to random crosses.