基于驱动效率的四驱拖拉机驱动系统优化设计

四轮驱动拖拉机设计时,需要综合考虑前后轴上轴荷分配、驱动力分配对驱动效率的影响,目前的设计方法多采用经验法进行配重,无法适应农用拖拉机不同工况的需求。为此,针对拖拉机在犁耕工况下,会产生轴荷转移问题,分析了轴荷变化对四驱拖拉机驱动效率的影响,并以固定速比四轮驱动结构为研究对象,提出了一种以驱动效率为目标函数的优化方法,使用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)进行优化求解,旨在为设计四驱农用拖拉机驱动系统提供一种新的思路。

Optimized Design of Four-wheel Drive Tractor Drive System Based on Drive Efficiency

It is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of axle load distribution and driving force distribution on driving efficiency,when designing four-wheel drive tractor.The current design methods,which mostly use empirical methods for ballast,cannot match agricultural tractors in different working conditions.This article is aimed at the problem of the axial load transfer of agricultural tractors under the condition of ploughing.The influence of axle load changes on the driving efficiency of a four-wheel-drive tractor is analyzed.Taking the fixed-speed four-wheel drive structure as the research object,an optimization method with driving efficiency as the objective function is proposed,and use a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy(NSGA-Ⅱ)for optimal solution.It provides a new idea for designing the drive system of four-wheel drive agricultural tractor.