一种H型组合喷头的设计与试验

为优化植保器械,设计了一种H型组合喷头,对组合喷头田间作业参数对施药效果的影响进行试验研究。阐述分析了H型组合喷头的构造及工作原理,根据田间试验得到该组合喷头各部件的优选参数。结果表明:在0.3~0.9MPa压力下,H型组合喷头的流量为208.3~293.3mL/min、雾滴粒径分布跨度为0.71~0.82;常规喷头流量为724.2~1427.2mL/min、雾滴粒径分布跨度为1.56~1.71。在0.3~1.5m各处,H型组合喷头的雾滴沉积量为0.129~4.256μL/cm²、覆盖率为21.3%~55.6%;常规喷头雾滴沉积量为0.062~3.462μL/cm²、覆盖率为18.6%~49.2%。常规喷施情况下,H型组合喷头相比常规喷头对番茄灰霉病、黄瓜白粉病、葡萄蓟马和豇豆蚜虫防效分别提高5.29%、6.56%、6.17%和4.86%;H型组合喷头-1/2水量+2/3药量喷施效果与常规喷头-常规水量+常规药量喷施效果基本一致。H型组合喷头在作业过程中性能稳定,对作物病虫的应用效果优于常规喷头且有效提高了农药利用率,覆盖率理想,药液喷施均匀,各项指标满足作物喷施的实际生产需要。

Design and Test of an H-type Combined Nozzle

In order to optimize the design of plant protection equipment,an H-type combined sprinkler was studied,and the influence of field operation parameters of this combined sprinkler on the application effect was studied.The structure and working principle of the H-type combined sprinkler are described and analyzed,and the optimal parameters of each component of the combined sprinkler are obtained according to field tests.The test shows that under the pressure of 0.3-0.9MPa,the flow rate of the H-type combined nozzle is 208.3-293.3mL/min,the droplet size distribution span is 0.71-0.82;the flow rate of the conventional nozzle is 724.2-1427.2mL/min,the droplet particles the diameter distribution span is 1.56-1.71.At 1.5-0.3m,the droplet deposition volume of the H-type combined nozzle is 0.129-4.256μL/cm²,and the coverage rate is 21.3%-55.6%;the droplet deposition volume of the conventional nozzle is 0.062-3.462μL/cm²,coverage rate is 18.6%-49.2%.In the case of conventional spraying,compared with conventional spray nozzles,the H-type combined spray nozzles have increased 5.29%,6.56%,6.17% and 4.86% in the control of tomato gray mold,cucumber powdery mildew,grape thrips and cowpea aphids;The spraying effect of H-type combined spray nozzle-1/2 water volume+2/3 dose is basically the same as that of conventional spray nozzle-conventional water volume+conventional dose.The H-type combined sprinkler has stable performance during operation,and its application effect on crop diseases and insects is better than that of conventional sprinklers.It can effectively improve the utilization rate of pesticides.The coverage rate is ideal.The spraying of the chemical liquid is uniform.Various indicators meet the actual production needs of crop spray.