小型气力式蔬菜精量播种机设计与试验

针对温室大棚空间狭窄、大田气力式精量播种机无法进入作业,而现有小型机械式播种机播种精度低的问题,设计了适用于温室大棚的小型气力式蔬菜精量播种机,采用正负压双作用排种器提高播种精度,并通过更换排种盘配合不同的开沟分种装置实现不同蔬菜及不同行数的播种作业,提高了播种机的适应性。对排种器进行基于EDEM的离散元仿真分析,探究充种区种群运动规律和搅种装置性能。对整机进行田间试验,结果表明:漏播率≤5%,重播率≤5%,种子机械破损率≤1%,播深一致性合格率≥90%,各项指标符合蔬菜种植农艺要求。

Design and Test of Small Pneumatic Precision Seeder for Vegetables

In view of the narrow space of greenhouse,the field pneumatic precision seeder can not enter into the operation,but the existing small mechanical seeder has low sowing precision,a small pneumatic precision seeder suitable for greenhouse is designed,the positive and negative pressure double action seed metering device is adopted to improve the sowing accuracy,the adaptability of the seeder was improved by changing the seed metering tray and the device of ditching and separating seed.The discrete element simulation analysis based on EDEM is carried out for the seed metering device to explore the population movement law in the seed suction area and the performance of the seed stirring device.The whole machine was tested in the field,the results showed that the rate of missed seeding was less than 5%,the rate of replanting was less than 5%,the rate of mechanical damage of seeds was less than 1%,the rate of conformity of sowing depth was more than 90%,and all indexes met the requirements of vegetable planting.