我国沿海防护林体系建设的构想

我国沿海地区是个多灾地区,主要自然灾害有台风、干旱、水土流失等,且缺少木材和烧柴。作者分析了我国沿海防护林的现状,进而提出建设生态经济型沿海防护林的构想,即不仅发挥其生态防护功能,还应充分发挥其社会经济功能。沿海防护林体系应作为生态经济产业来进行开发和建设。而因地制宜,科学合理地确定沿海防护林体系的组成,优化其结构,则是实现稳定高效多功能的关键。

Conceptions Concerning the Establishment of Protection Forest System in Coastal Areas in China

Coastal areas in China are calamity-frequented areas. The chief natural disasters are typhoon (gale, rain storm, tide, sea billows, spouts), drought,fall cold wind, frost, water loss and soil erosion. Here timber and faggots are in short supply. After giving a general picture of the protection forests in coastal areas, conceptions concerning establishment of ecologic economic protection forests in these areas are given. The new protection forests should have not only ecologic protective function and benefits, but also full social economic function and benefits. That is, they should have a double role to play. There should be a rational program of land utilization for optimum allotment to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, commerce and side line production, and for full play of the potential productivity of various resources such as sunshine, heat, water, air, soil, living organism, human intelligence and labor. Let there be a biotic complex consisting of various tree species, various forest types, various plants with multiple use and various species of living organisms, which possess multiple useful functions and give diverse economic returns. Thus an ecologic system with improved functions, biotic stability and higher, ecologic economic returns can be formed, so as to keep a virtuous circulation of materials and energy. The development and construction of protection forest system in coastal areas should be treated as an ecologic economic industry. The composition of the system and its optimum structure in accordance with local conditions and scientific principles is the key to having multiple functions with high effect and stability.