Ecological and agrochemical aspects of the balanced use of nitrogen fertilizers on gray forest soils of the opolye in Central Russia

As a result of long-term permanent field experiments, it is suggested that one of the criteria of a efficient level of using and providing a highly effective, ecologically balanced action of nitrogen fertilizers on gray forest soils of the opolye is that the amount of applied nitrogen taken up by rotation crops should be commensurate with the amount of this nutrient element used by plants due to mobilization of soil reserves.