秸秆利用途径的分析比较

作为农业大国，中国的秸秆年产量在7 亿t 左右。以廉价的农业废弃物秸秆作为原料转变成能源是一项非常有价值的研究。文章从秸秆制备乙醇、甲烷-甲醇及气化、液化制备柴油几个方向进行讨论。用秸秆等废弃物制造能源引起了广泛的关注，不仅降低了成本，而且减轻了处理秸秆所造成的环境问题。通过对这些方向的原理、操作条件、设备、经济性等进行比较，进而得出秸秆转变能源途径中最有利的发展方向。结果表明，利用秸秆生产燃料乙醇，每t 秸秆产生的热量最多（18900 MJ），且产生的价值可观，纤维素乙醇的发展潜力最大。秸秆制乙醇的利用率以及经济效益较高，是一种较好的利用秸秆能源化的途径。

Analysis and Comparison of Straw Utilization

As a big agricultural country, the yearly capacity of straw is about seven hundred million tons in our country. It is a very valuable study that low-cost agricultural waste straw as a raw material are covered into energy. It talks about in aspect of ethanol, methane-methanol production and gasification, liquefaction for diesel oil product based on feed stock of straw stalk. Using straw to create energy causes concern. It not only reduces costs, but also mitigates the problem that causes by straw. Compare with the principle, operational condition, equipment and economy so that find a most favorable developing orientation among straw stalk converting into energy sources. The final result shows that quantity of heat of fuel ethanol reaches to max （18900 MJ） per ton of straw stalk with obvious benefit and great potential of fibrin ethanol. The utilization rate and economic returns of converting straw to ethanol which is a good way of using energy straw are higher than others.