菠菜对不同施肥模式的响应及其生态化学计量学特征研究?

摘 要：【研究目的】研究不同施肥模式条件下菠菜的产量和品质与其地上部和其施肥模式中N/P、C/N、C/P、P/K相关关系规律，可以反映菠菜对施肥后土壤养分的响应和适应机制，并根据菠菜的响应和适应情况来判断施肥的合理性；【方法】在大田小区试验条件下，研究了菠菜对不同施肥模式的响应及其生态化学计量学特征。试验共分五种处理分别为不施肥对照，有机无机肥配施模式1(含有氨基酸肥料)，有机无机肥配施模式2，有机肥施肥模式，无机肥施肥模式；【结果】研究结果表明，有机无机肥配施模式1提高菠菜产量、光合速率、可溶性总糖、蔗糖、游离氨基酸含量、氮素表观利用率和氮吸收效率，且这些指标与其地上部C/N和C/P之间存在显著正相关关系，而与施肥模式中C/N和C/P之间的相关关系不显著但存在正相关趋势。此外，有机无机肥配施模式1降低菠菜地上部硝酸盐含量且与其地上部和施肥模式中N/P、C/N、C/P和P/K之间均不存在相关关系；【结论】这些结果表明在田间条件下，有机无机肥配施模式1促进了菠菜地上部生长，改善了菠菜地上部的品质，是一种科学的施肥措施。

The response and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of spinach under different fertilizations

In this study, the growth and qualities of spinach was studied under field conditions. The paper also investigated the correlation between the growth and qualities of spinach and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of spinach. There were five treatments as follows： CK, organic fertilizers plus inorganic fertilizers 1, organic fertilizers plus inorganic fertilizers 2, organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. These results showed that the yield, Pn （photosynthetic rate）, soluble sugar, sucrose, free amino acids, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen uptake efficiency in spinach showed an increase in the organic fertilizers plus inorganic fertilizers 1 treatment. Also, these indicators were significantly correlated with the ratios of C/N, C/P in the shoot of spinach. However, under this treatment, the nitrate content in spinach were decreased and were not correlated with the ratio of N/P, C/N, C/P, P/K in shoot or these treatments. These results indicated that the yield and quality of spinach could be improved under organic fertilizers plus inorganic fertilizers 1.