Cumulative Forage Production, Forage Quality and Livestock Performance from an Annual Ryegrass and Cereal Rye Mixture in a Pine Walnut Silvopasture |
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Authors: | RL Kallenbach MS Kerley GJ Bishop-Hurley |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Sciences Unit, University of Missouri, 65211 Columbia, MO, USA;(2) Animal Sciences Unit, University of Missouri, 65211 Columbia, MO, USA |
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Abstract: | Annual ryegrass (Lolium
multiflorum Lam.) and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) pastures can extend the grazing
season in the lower Midwest. There is little data from this region on the
productivity of these forages in a silvopasture system. Our objective was to
determine the forage and livestock production from annual ryegrass/cereal rye
in a silvopasture versus an open (non-forested) system. This study was
conducted near New Franklin, MO, USA. The treatments were (1) annual
ryegrass/cereal rye planted into a 6- to 7-year-old stand of pitch pine
(Pinus rigida Mill.) × loblolly pine
(Pinus taeda L.) hybrids and black
walnut (Juglans nigra L.) (TREE
treatment) and (2) the same forages planted into pastures without trees (OPEN
treatment). Marshall annual ryegrass and cereal rye were
no-till seeded at 22 and 67 kg ha-1 of pure live
seed, respectively, on 18 September 2000 and 30 August 2001. Treatments
were replicated three times in a randomized complete block. In March 2001
and 2002, three beef heifers were assigned to each pasture and rotationally
grazed until early June. Cumulative forage production and quality were
measured for each treatment. Cumulative forage production in the TREE
treatment was reduced by approximately 20% compared to the OPEN
treatment. However, beef heifer average daily gain and
gain ha-1 were equal for both treatments. Beef
producers using a annual ryegrass/cereal rye in a silvopasture system likely
would not sacrifice livestock production when hybrid pine and black walnut
trees are 6- to 7-year-old when compared to an open pasture.
Contribution of the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station and the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry. This
work was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements AG-02100251 with the
ARS and CR 826704-01-0 with the US EPA. The results presented are the sole responsibility of the authors and/or the University
of Missouri and may not represent the policies or positions of the ARS or EPA. |
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Keywords: | Beef heifers Black walnut Grazing Pine Winter annual forages |
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