新疆野苹果与栽培苹果香气成分的比较

 以中国新疆伊犁地区巩留县莫合镇的新疆野苹果4个实生株系及国光、红星、富士、金冠等苹果品种的成熟果实为试材, 采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用技术, 分析果实香气成分, 旨在为新疆野苹果资源保护与利用提供基本资料。结果表明, ①新疆野苹果含醇类等10类89种香气成分, 这些化合物单株间在种类和含量上均存在显著差异; 新疆野苹果与栽培苹果品种主要香气的种类和成分基本一致; ②但乙醛等12种香气成分在新疆野苹果中没有检测到, 其中7种为栽培苹果特有的特征香气成分;③缩醛类和内酯类化合物在栽培苹果品种中没有检测到, 同时检测到1 - 丁醇、丁酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯和大马酮等4种化合物为新疆野苹果特有的特征香气成分。

Comparison Study of Volatile Components in Malus sieversii and in Malus domestica

In order to acquire basic data for the preservation and application of the species,aroma components in ripe fruit of Malus sieversii(Ldb.)obtained from 4 seedlings at Mohe Town,Gongliu County,Ily State,China,and of 4 M.domestica cultivars(Golden Delicious,Starking,Ralls and Fuji)were analyzed using head space-solid phase microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.The results indicated that significant difference in aroma components amounted to 89 resided in seedlings both for chemical category and for content.They suggested a rich genetic diversity in aroma components.Furthermore,the identity of categories and compounds in main volatile components between M.sieversii and M.domestica were also revealed.But 12 compounds(ethanal etc.)which included 7 unique components of M.domestica were not detected in M.sieversii.However,the acetals and lactones unique to M.sieversii absented in M.domestica,as well as 4 unique character impact components to the former such as damascenone,etc.