食用昆虫的资源价值与可利用方式

目的为了解云南常见食药用昆虫中的汞、硒含量及安全性，本研究收集了云南省较为常见的食药用昆虫共计42种。方法采用微波消解和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定了这些食药用昆虫中的汞和硒含量。结果肉食性昆虫的汞含量普遍高于植食性昆虫，水生昆虫的汞含量远远高于陆生昆虫(t-test, P < 0.01)，但所有测试样品汞含量均没超相应的国家标准限制。硒的含量在水生昆虫中最高，且与汞的含量呈现很强的相关性(R²=0.824 1)；陆生昆虫中的平均硒含量较低，不同种个体之间差异较大，且陆生昆虫中的硒、汞含量不存在相关性(R²=0.000 8)。结论开发水生类食药用昆虫时需要加强汞含量检测，同时也提示在水生昆虫中硒对汞存在一定的拮抗作用。

Honey bees and other edible insects used as human food in Thailand

PurposeTo understand the contents and safety of mercury and selenium in common edible and medicinal insects, a total of 42 species of edible and medicinal insects were collected from Yunnan Province.MethodThe mercury and selenium contents of these insects were detected by Microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).ResultThe mercury content in carnivorous insects was generally higher than that in herbivorous insects, and the mercury content in aquatic insects was much higher than that in terrestrial insects (t-test, P < 0.01). The mercury contents of all tested samples did not exceed the corresponding national standard limits. Selenium content was also the highest in aquatic insects and had a strong correlation with mercury content (R²=0.824 1). While the average selenium content in terrestrial insects was low with big difference exist among different species, and there was no correlation between selenium and mercury contents in terrestrial insects (R²=0.000 8).ConclusionThe mercury content detection should be enhanced when developing aquatic edible and medicinal insects. Meanwhile, our data also suggests that selenium may have some antagonistic effect on mercury in aquatic insects.